I. Lý thuyết về câu giả định

Khi đối tượng này muốn đối tượng kia thực hiện việc gì thì chúng ta sẽ sử dụng câu giả định hay còn gọi là câu cầu khiến. Tuy nhiên khác với câu mệnh lệnh, câu giả định mang sắc thái cầu khiến chứ không có tính ép buộc. Tức là người được yêu cầu làm việc có thể có hoặc không cần làm việc đó.

1. Câu giả định với “would rather…that”

Diễn tả một yêu cầu ở hiện tại: S1 + would rather that + S2 + V.inf

Diễn tả một yêu cầu đối lập với hiện tại: S1 + would rather that + S2 + V2/ed

Diễn tả một yêu cầu đối lập với quá khứ: S1 + would rather that + S2 + had V3/ed

Ví dụ:

- She would rather that her mother co

(Cô ấy muốn mẹ của mình nấu buổi tối tối nay).

- Nam would rather that his classmate went to school today.

(Nam muốn bạn cùng lớp của anh ấy đi học hôm nay) => Trên thực tế, bạn cùng lớp của anh ấy không đi học hôm nay.

- I would rather that she had gone out last night.

(Tôi muốn cô ấy không ra ngoài tối qua) =>Thực tế là tối qua cô ấy đã ra ngoài.

2. Câu giả định đi sau động từ

Câu giả định sẽ được thành lập khi đi với các động từ sau:

Cấu trúc: S1 + V (trong bảng trên) + that + S2 + V.inf

Ví dụ: He advises that I (should) take care of myself.

(Anh ấy khuyên tôi nên chăm sóc bản thân).

3. Câu giả định dùng với tính từ

Các tính từ trong câu giả định bao gồm:

Cấu trúc: It + be + adj (ở bảng trên) + that + S + V (không chia)

Ví dụ: It is necessary that children brush their teeth twice a day.

(Việc những đứa trẻ đánh răng hai lần một ngày thật là cần thiết).

4. Câu giả định dùng với “it is time”

Cấu trúc 1: Đã đến lúc phải làm gì: It is time (for somebody) to do something

Cấu trúc 2: Đã đến lúc làm gì: It is high/ about time subject + S + V2/ed

Ví dụ:

- It is time for us to hang out. (Đã đến lúc chúng ta đi chơi rồi).

- It is high time I got to the airport. (Đã đến lúc tôi phải ra sân bay)

Chú ý: “high” và “about” được thêm vào câu để nhấn mạnh ý.

II. Trắc nghiệm về câu giả định trong tiếng Anh

Exercise 1

1. I wish I ______ to retake my exams.

a. do not have
b. will not have
c. am about
d. did not have

2. The spacemen felt as if he ______ in a paradise.

a. had been
b. falls
c. fall
d. has fallen

3. He afflicted mother felt as though she ______ on the verge of dying

a. has been
b. had been
c. were
d. was

4. I wish another more effective teaching method______ used.

a. is
b. was
c. were
d. has been

5. She wishes she ______ a fairy now.

a. was
b. were
c. is
d. were

6. She spent money as if she always______ plenty of it.

a. have
b. had
c. had had
d. should have

7. She spends money as if she always______ plenty of it.

a. has
b. have
c. has had
d. had

8. She talks too much but I wish she______

a. didn't
b. doesn't
c. won't
d. wouldn't

9. They will drink wine but I wish they______

a. didn't
b. don't
c. won't
d. wouldn't

10. She made lot of mistakes but I wish she______

a. didn't
b. hadn't
c. wouldn't
d. did

11. My wife wishes she______ the guitar now

a. could play
b. can play
c. could have played
d. plays

12. Yesterday he missed the lesson. He wishes he______ it.

a. didn't miss
b. hadn't miss
c. hasn't missed
d. hadn't missed

13. I suggest that the doctor_____ up his mind without delay.

a. makes
b. make
c. made
d. is to make

14. This poor old man wishes he_____

a. wasn't born
b. has never been born
c. had never been born
d. would never be born

15. I am not a teacher of English, but suppose I _____, then I _____ set up a language centre.

a. am/ can
b. were/ can
c. was/ could
d. were/ could

16. His friends suggest that the _____ for that post.

a. applies
b. apply
c. applying
d. will apply

17. It's high time we_____ these mice.

a. are getting rid of
b. are going to get rid of
c. get rid of
d. got rid of

18. It is necessary that children_____ of their old parents.

a. to take care
b. takes care
c. to

19. I wish this English course_____ the whole year.

a. will last
b. may last
c. lasted
d. last

20. It is essential that the sponsor_____ the file early.

a. make
b. makes
c. made
d. making

Exercise 2

1. The clients demanded that the doctor's office_____ earlier.

a. opening
b. opened
c. open
d. to open

2. He was not a dutiful son. I wish he_____

a. was
b. were
c. has been
d. had been

3. It is cold now. The homeless child wishes he_____ in a cosy family

a. has been
b. will be
c. were
d. is

4. What would you suggest that he_____?

a. will do
b. would do
c. do
d. did

5. I wish my wife_____ better now.

a. would be
b. was
c. be
d. were

6. He wishes he_____ the college that year.

a. entered
b. had entered
c. would enter
d. has been entering

7. It is necessary that he_____ a certificate in English?

a. will get
b. gets
c. get
d. would get

8. I demand that I_____ to retake the exam.

a. be allowed
b. am allowed
c. will be allowed
d. were allowed

9. I am not a interpreter, but I certainly wish I _____

a. shall be
b. was
c. were
d. am

10. I wish you_____ quiet a moment, I can't hear what_____

a. would keep/ the compere is saying
b. kept/ the compere said
c. will keep/ the compere saying
d. had kept/ had the compere said

11. We will answer you in writing, If needs_____

a. is
b. will be
c. would be
d. be

12. Do not play in the sunshine unless you _____ sunstr

a. will get
b. get
c. are going to get
d. shout get

13. It is our wish that she_____ in her life.

a. succeeds
b. succeed
c. succeeded
d. will succeed

14. It was a lovely day; we wish we_____ at Long Hai beach.

a. have been
b. were
c. are
d. had been

15. The king ordered that Gulliver_____ ser free

a. be
b. is
c. will
d. would be

16. It is essential that Mary_____ speak English.

a. be able to
b. is able to
c. was able to
d. must be able to

17. He suggested that I_____ tolerant of other people.

a. am
b. was
c. be
d. would be

18. My doctor insisted_____

a. that I diet
b. me to diet
c. for me dieting
d. for me to diet

19. Everyone urged that Bill_____ his education.

a. continue
b. continuing
c. to continue
d. continued

20. The director requests that all packages_____ at the central office.

a. to mail
b. be mailed
c. to be mailed
d. mailing

Exercise 3

1. It is necessary that she_____ now.

a. gone
b. goes
c. go
d. went

2. It is important that your sister_____ information technology.

a. chooses
b. choose
c. chose
d. chose

3. It is imperative that you_____ careful on construction site.

a. to be
b. were
c. are
d. be

4. It is advisable that she_____ care of he mother.

a. to take
b. takes
c. take
d. to

5. The teacher ordered that the students_____ talking.

a. stop
b. should stop
c. stopped
d. a or b

6. I wish I _____ David Beckham.

a. am
b. is
c. was
d. were

7. I wish you_____ here yesterday.

a. were
b. had been
c. to be
d. were

8. I wish the rain_____ soon.

a. stop
b. stops
c. stopped
d. would stop

9. I wish I _____how to control the tsunami.

a. know
b. knew
c. to know
d. to have known

10. She insisted that we _____ our holiday in Dalat.

a. sped
b. spent
c. should spend
d. a or b

11. May you_____ happy all your life!

a. are
b. were
c. be
d. to be

12. It is our wish that you_____ enough rains to love the sun shines.

a. having
b. had
c. have
d. to have

13. "Should I begin typing these letters?" "I suggest_____ bo

a. you finished
b. you to finish
c. you finish
d. you will finish

14. "Did your grandmother give you that watch?"

"Yes, she insisted_____ it".

a. that I to

15. "Have you received the shipment of bicycles yet?".

"No, but it's possible that it_____ in a few days"

a. will come
b. comes
c. come
d. has come

16. "Marie practices the piano so early in the morning".

"We asked_____, but she won't".

a. that she stops
b. her to stop
c. her stopping
d. for her stop

17. "The weather seems very dry here".

"Seldom_____ in this area".

a. it rains
b. does it rain
c. rains it
d. it does rain

18. Only in the last few years_____ to use home computers.

a. have begun people
b. when people began
c. have people begun
d. people have begun

19. "What did the teacher tell you?".

"She recommended_____ with an American family"

a. that I live
b. I living
c. me to live
d. living for me

20. "What time should Eric start to work?"

"I suggest_____ here about 7L30"

a. that he be
b. that he will be
c. him to be
d. him being

III. Đáp án trắc nghiệm câu giả định trong tiếng Anh

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3