`4` Thomas has played the piano for three years .

`-` S + have/has + V3/V_ed + O + time : Ai đó đã làm gì được bao lâu ...

`5` 

`@` I have not seen a good cowboy film for `10` years .

`@` The last time I saw a good cowboy was `10` years ago .

`@` I last saw a good cowboy `10` years ago .

`6`

`@` My brother has not gone home for two years .

`@` The last time my brother went home was two years ago .

`@` My brother last went home two years ago .

`<=>` It + be + time + since + S + last + V(quá khứ) + O : Đã là bao lâu kể từ khi ai đó lần cuối làm gì ...

`<=>` S + have/has + not + V3/V_ed + O + time : Ai đó đã không làm gì trong bao lâu ...

`<=>` The last time + S + V(quá khứ) + O + was + time : Lần cuối ai đó làm gì là khi nào ...

`<=>` S + last + V(quá khứ) + O + time : Ai đó lần cuối làm gì khi nào ...

`4.` Thomas has played the piano for three year

`-` S + began to do sth + khoảng thời gian ago

`=` S + has/have + PII + for + khoảng thời gian

`5.` 

I haven't seen a good cowboy film for 10 years

I last saw a good cowboy film 10 years ago

The last time I saw a good cowboy film was 10 years ago

`-`C1:  S + last + V(QKĐ) + khoảng thời gian + ago

`=` C2: It is + khoảng thời gian + since + S + last + V(QKĐ)

`=` C3: S+ have/ has +not + PII +  for + khoảng thời gian

`=` C4: The last time + S + V(QKĐ)+ was + khoảng thời gian +  ago

`6.`

My brother hasn't gone home for two years

My brother last went home two years ago

The last time my brother went home was two years