Africa is the largest of the three water bodies south of the Earth's surface . The topography of Africa is quite simple . Africa has rich mineral resources . Africa has a hot climate , the average annual temperature is over 20 °C , the weather is stable . The Sahara Desert is the largest sand desert in the world . Africa is the cradle of mankind. Around 3300 BC , the ancient Egyptian state was born and developed , it existed with varying degrees of influence until about 343 BC . Africa is the world's poorest inhabited continent, and this poverty is on average up from 25 years ago . African populations can be conveniently grouped by the region they live north or south of the Sahara . Africans follow many types of religion, with Christianity and Islam being the most popular .

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