1, After Trudy had read the book, she decided that she didn't like it

→ Cấu trúc after: After + S+ had + Vpp, S + V(past): diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.

2, The last time she was here was in 1986

→ S + have/has not + Vpp + since + mốc thời gian = The last time + S + V(past) + was + in + mốc thời gian

3, It's 6 months since I went to the dentist

→ S + have/has not + Vpp + O + for + Khoảng thời gian = It's + khoảng thời gian + since + S + V(past)

4, It was not until he was thirty that he got married.

→ Cấu trúc It is/was not until: It is/ was not until + time word/ phrase/ clause + that... + S + V

5, When did you start learning English?

→ Start + Ving: bắt đầu làm gì đó.