10.D

11.A

12.A

13.B

14.A

15.A

16.B

17.A

18.C

19.B

20.A

Cách làm:

1-WHO

* Thay cho danh từ, đại từ chỉ người, có chức năng của một chủ từ/ tân ngữ.

Ex1: The man has met your boss. He comes from Italy.

                                            subject  

→ The man  who comes from Italy has met your boss.

                            relative clause

Ex2: We have met the girl. She studies in the school.

→  We have met the girl who studies in the school.    

                                            relative clause

2-WHOM

* Thay cho danh từ/ đại từ chỉ người, có chức năng của một tân ngữ.

Ex1: We like the man. You talked to him yesterday.

                                            object

We like the man whom you talked to yesterday.

                          relative clause

Ex2: Is that the man ?. You have been waiting for him.

                                                                   object

Is that the man whom you have been waiting for ?

                            relative clause

3-WHOSE

     * Thay thế cho sở hữu cách (possessive cases)

     * Xuất hiện trong hai cấu trúc.

- .... noun/ pronoun + whose + noun + verb

- ..... noun/ pronoun whose + noun + subject + verb

 Ex1: The girl looks disappointed. Her examination result is so bad.

The girl whose examination result is so bad looks disappointed.

 Ex2: That is the girl. I took her hat by mistake yesterday.

That is the girl whose hat I took by mistake yesterday.

4-WHICH

* Thay thế cho danh từ, đại từ chỉ vật / sự vật/ sự việc.

* Có thể làm chủ từ hoặc tân ngữ.

Ex1:     She shows me the table. It was made by her father.

She shows me the table which was made by her father.

Ex2:    Do you like this car ? Mr. Tan bought it last month.

Do you like this car, which Mr.Tan bought last month ?

Note: “Which” có thể được sử dụng để thay thế cho một mệnh đề đứng trước nó (= and this/ and that)

      Ex: Tom is so lazy, and this makes Mrs. Green worried.

      Tom is so lazy, which makes Mrs. Green worried.

5-WHERE

* Thay cho trạng từ, cụm trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn (place) (eg.here, there, in that place.... )

* Thường xuất hiện trong cấu trúc:

...... noun/ pronoun ( = a place) + where + subject + verb ......

Ex:  We visit  the hospital. We were born there/in that hospital.

       We visit the hospital where we were born.

6-WHEN

* Thay cho trạng từ, cụm từ chỉ thời gian (time) (on that day, in the year...)

* Thường xuất hiện trong cấu trúc :

...... noun / pronoun (= time ) + when + subject + verb ......

   Ex:    She will never forget the day. She first met him on that day.

She will never forget the day when she first met him.

1. WHY

* Thay cho trạng ngữ chỉ nguyên nhân, thường có for vd: for that reason

He goes out of the office so often. He could be fired for that reason.

The reason why he could be fired is that he goes out of the office so often.

1. Non-defining relative clause (Meänh ñeà khoâng xaùc ñònh): Who, Whom, Which, where, why, when