=>
35. Although the joke was funny, no one laughed.
-> although S V : mặc dù
36. She said that she was taking her driving test the following day.
-> câu tường thuật, HTTD -> QKTD
37. Lan didn't go to the movies last night because she had to do her homework.
-> because S V : bởi vì
38. Da Nang, which lies on the Han River, is famous for its seaside attraction.
-> which (đtqh chỉ vật)
39. A picture of Hanoi has just been painted by my brother.
-> bị động HTHT have/has been V3/ed
40. He asked me if I would have time to play regularly.
-> câu tường thuật, will -> would
41. Why don't you learn harder?
-> why don't you V? : đề xuất, gợi ý
42. Unless she gets up early, she will miss the train.
-> unless = if not
43. It has rained since 2 p.m.
-> thì HTHT have/has V3/ed, since + mốc thời gian
44. He asked Nga which sports she played.
-> câu tường thuật dạng WH-questions, HTĐ -> QKĐ

35 Although the joke was funny, no one laughed.
Although+ clause 1, clause 2.
36 She said that she was taking her driving test the following day.
Câu tường thuật, HTTD `to` QKTD
37 Lan didn't go to the movies last night because she had to do her homework.
Because+ clause 1, clause 2.
38 Da Nang, which lies on the Han River, is famous for its seaside attraction.

ĐTQH "which" thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật.

N(thing)+ which+ V+ O.
N(thing)+ which+ S+ V.

39 A picture of Hanoi has just been painted by my brother.
câu bị động thì hiện tại hoàn thành: S+ has/ have+ Vp2+ by O.
40 He asked me if I would have time to play regularly.
S+ asked(Sb)+ if/whether+ S+ V.
41 Why don't you learn harder?
Why don't you V? = suggest(that)

42 Unless she gets up early, she will miss the train.
Unless+ S+ V(s/es), S+ will/can/shall+ V-inf.
43 It has rained since 2 p.m.
44 He asked Nga which sports she played.
S+ asked(Sb)+ Wh- + S+ V.