`1`. He started living in Ha Noi when he was `12`.

`2`. Lan hasn't gone to the zoo for two years.

`3`. Lan has been learning French since `2000`.

`4`. This is the first time I've eaten this kind of food.

`5`. She hasn't had a holiday for two years.

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S + started + V-ing + in + time/when + S + was/were + giai đoạn cuộc đời

S + have/has + not + VpII + for + time

S + have/has + been + V-ing + since + time

This is the first time + S + have/has + VpII

`color{red}{#lgdr}`

`1` He started living in Ha Noi when he was `12` .

`-` started/began + V_ing : bắt đầu làm gì .

`2` Lan has not gone to the zoo for two years .

`-` for two years : Hiện tại hoàn thành .

`=>` S + have/has + not + V3/Vpp + O .

`3` Lan has been learning French since `2000` .

`-` since `2000` : Hiện tại hoàn thành .

`=>` S + have/has + been + V_ing + O .

`4` This is the first time I have eaten this kind of food .

`-` This is the first time + S+ have/has + V3/Vpp + O : Đây là lần đầu ai đó làm gì .

`5` She has not had a holiday for two years .

`-` for two years : Hiện tại hoàn thành .

`=>` S + have/has + not + V3/Vpp + O .