Công thức thì HTĐ (V: thường)

S số ít, he, she, it 

(+) S + Vs/es

(-) S+ doesn't + V1 

(?) Does +S +V1?

S số nhiều, I, you, we, they

(+) S + V1 

(-) S+ don't + V1 

(?) Do + S+ V1? 

DHNB: always, usually, sometimes, often, never, seldom,....

Công thức thì HTTD 

(+) S + am/is/are + Ving 

(-) S + am/is/are + not + Ving 

(?) Am/Is/Are +S +Ving? 

DHNB: now, right now, (!), at present, at the moment,.....

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1. Which book are you reading at the moment?

2. What grammar notes are you studying at present?

3. Which coffee do you prefer Italian to French?

prefer N to N: thích gì hơn gì 

4. What do you usually have for breakfast?

5. What is your father doing now?

`color{orange}{~STMIN~}`

`1`. Which book are you reading at the moment?

`2`. What grammar notes are you studying at present?

`3`. Which coffee do you prefer, Italian or French?

`4`. What do you usually have for breakfast?

`5`. What is your father doing now?

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Cấu trúc thì HTĐ:

`-` Với V thường:

`+)` S + V(_s/es)...

`-)` S + do/does + not + V_inf...

`?)` (Wh) + Do/Does + S + V_inf...?

Cấu trúc thì HTTD:

`+)` S + am/is/are + V_ing...

`-)` S + am/is/are + not + V_ing...

`?)` (Wh) + Am/Is/Are + S + V_ing...?

I, you, we, they, N_số nhiều + do/V_inf

He, she, it, N_số ít + does/V_s/es