\(\begin{array}{l}
a)\\
H(Z=1):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑\ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
He(Z=2):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\\
B(Z=5):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑\ &\ \ &\ \ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
C(Z=6):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑\ &↑ \ &\ \ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
O(Z=8):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑ \ &↑ \ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
F(Z=9):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑ \ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
Na(Z=11):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑\ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
Al(Z=13):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑\ &\ \ &\ \ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
P(Z=15):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑\ &↑ \ &↑ \ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
Ar(Z=18):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\\
Ca(Z=20):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\\
Ti(Z=22):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑\ &↑\ &\ \ &\ \ &\ \ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
Fe(Z=26):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑\ &↑\ &↑\ &↑\ \\
\hline\end{array}\\
Ni(Z=28):\ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓\\
\hline\end{array}\ \ \ \ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|}
\hline ↑↓&↑↓&↑↓&↑\ &↑\ \\
\hline\end{array}
\end{array}\)

`b)`

\(H:\ 1s^1\)

Vị trí H: ô 1, nhóm IA, chu kì 1.

\(He:\ 1s^2\)

Vị trí He: ô 2, nhóm VIIIA, chu kì 1.

\(B:\ 1s^22s^22p^1\)

Vị trí B: ô 5, nhóm IIIA, chu kì 2.

\(C:\ 1s^22s^22p^2\)

Vị trí C: ô 6, nhóm IVA, chu kì 2.

\(O:\ 1s^22s^22p^4\)

Vị trí O: ô 8, nhóm VIA, chu kì 2.

\(F:\ 1s^22s^22p^5\)

Vị trí F: ô 9, nhóm VIIA, chu kì 2.

\(Na:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^1\)

Vị trí Na: ô 11, nhóm IA, chu kì 3.

\(Al:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^1\)

Vị trí Al: ô 13, nhóm IIIA, chu kì 3.

\(P:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^3\)

Vị trí P: ô 15, nhóm VA, chu kì 3.

\(Ar:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^6\)

Vị trí Ar: ô 18, nhóm VIIIA, chu kì 3.

\(Ca:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^64s^2\)

Vị trí Ca: ô 20, nhóm IIA, chu kì 4.

\(Ti:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^24s^2\)

Vị trí Ti: ô 22, nhóm IVB, chu kì 4.

\(Ti:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^64s^2\)

Vị trí Fe: ô 26, nhóm VIIIB, chu kì 4.

\(Ni:\ 1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^63d^84s^2\)

Vị trí Ni: ô 28, nhóm VIIIB, chu kì 4.

`c)`

`H` là phi kim.

`B,Na,Al,Ca` là kim loại do có 1e,2e,3e lớp ngoài cùng.

`C,O,F,P` là phi kim do có 4e,5e,6e,7e lớp ngoài cùng.

`He,Ar` là khí hiếm do có 8e lớp ngoài cùng.

`Ti,Fe,Ni` là kim loại do thuộc nhóm B.