`1` Having played football for three years , he joined the club .

`-` Rút gọn mệnh đề ''after'' .

`@` After + S + had + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`->` Having + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`2` Although Lan studied very hard and got mark `10` , she didn't feel happy .

`-` Mệnh đề nhượng bộ .

`@` Although/though/even though + clause `1` , clause `2` .

`3` Having passed the exam , she visited her grandpa in the countryside .

`-` Rút gọn mệnh đề ''after'' .

`@` After + S + had + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`->` Having + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`4` Because Nam studies hard day by day , he will pass the exam .

`-` Mệnh đề chỉ lí do .

`@` Because/since/as + clause `1` , clause `2` .

`5` Having bought a nice house , Mary moved to England .

`-` Rút gọn mệnh đề ''after'' .

`@` After + S + had + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`->` Having + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`6` Because her daughter was sick , she couldn't go to the party with us .

`-` Mệnh đề chỉ lí do .

`@` Because/since/as + clause `1` , clause `2` .

`7` Having spent two weeks to do the project , they left the school .

`-` Rút gọn mệnh đề ''after'' .

`@` After + S + had + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`->` Having + V3/Vpp + O , S + V(quá khứ) + O .

`8` Although Hung was very lazy , he passed the exam .

`-` Mệnh đề nhượng bộ .

`@` Although/though/even though + clause `1` , clause `2` .

`1.` Having played football for three years, he joined the club

`2.` Although Lan studied very hard and got mark 10, she didn't feel happy

`3.` Having passed the exam, she visited her grandpa in the countryside

`4.` Because Nam studies hard day by day, he will pass the exam

`5.` Having bought a nice house, Mary moved to England

`6.` Because her daughter was sick, she couldn't go to the party with us

`7.` Having spent two weeks to do the project, they left the school

`8.` Although Hung was very lazy, he passed the exam

`-----`

Rút gọn mệnh đề "after":

Câu chưa rút gọn: After + S + had + VpII, S + V2 + O

`->` Having + VpII, S + V2 + O

`-` Although/Though/Even though + S + V, S + V: Mặc dù

`-` Because + S + V, S + V: Bởi vì