Các công thức đổi HTHT - QKĐ

Structure 1: 

S + has/have + not + V3/ed + for/since + time 

--> S + last + V2/ed 

--> The last time + S+ V2/ed + was + time 

--> It is / has been + time + since + S+ (last) + V2/ed 

Structure 2: 

How long + has/have + S+ V3/ed?

--> When + did + S + V1?

--> How long is it + since + S+ V2/ed ?

------------------------------------------------------------------

1. The last time we went to a concert was over a year ago.

2. I haven't enjoyed myself since your birthday party.

3. My father hasn't seen his brother for nearly 20 years.

4. Tom has been in Scotland since last Friday.

5. How long is it since you last rode a bike?

6. I haven't gone swimming since I was in France.

7. It's weeks since you last tidied up this room.

8. He hasn't been in touch with me for three weeks.

9. Mr. John last visited France in 1990.

10. It's three weeks since it last rained.

`color{orange}{~MiaMB~}`

Đáp án + giải thích: 

1. We haven't been to a concert for over a year.  
   -> The last time we went to a concert was over a year ago.

Cấu trúc : The last time + S + V2/ed ... was + time
2. Your birthday party was the last time I really enjoyed myself.  
   -> I haven't really enjoyed myself since your birthday party.

Cấu trúc : S + hasn't/haven't + V3/ed ... for/since + time
3. It's nearly 20 years since my father saw his brother.  
   -> My father hasn't seen his brother for nearly 20 years.
Cấu trúc : S + hasn't/haven't + V3/ed ... for/since + time
4. Tom went to Scotland last Friday and is still there.  
   -> Tom has been in Scotland since last Friday.
Cấu trúc : S + has/have + V3/ed + for/since + ... 
5. When did you last ride a bike?  
   -> How long is it since you last rode a bike?
Cấu trúc : When + did + S + last + V? = How long is it since + S + last + V?: lần cuối làm gì cách đây bao lâu.

6. The last time I went swimming was when I was in France.  
   -> I haven't gone swimming since I was in France.
Cấu trúc : S + hasn't/haven't + V3/ed ... for/since + time
7. You haven't tidied up this room for weeks.  
   -> It's been weeks since you tidied up this room.

Cấu trúc :  S + have/has + not + Vpp + for + khoảng thời gian = It's + thời gian + since + S + (last) + V2/ed
8. He was last in touch with me three weeks ago.  
   -> He hasn't been in touch with me for three weeks.
Cấu trúc : S + hasn't/haven't + V3/ed ... for/since + time
9. Mr. John hasn't visited France since 1990.  
   -> Mr. John last visited France in 1990.
Cấu trúc : S + last + V2/ed ... + time ( ago/in ... / ... )
10. It last rained three weeks ago.  
    -> It's been three weeks since it last rained.
Cấu trúc :  S + have/has + not + Vpp + for + khoảng thời gian = It's + thời gian + since + S + (last) + V2/ed

@thucbaotran

CHÚC BẠN HỌC TỐT!!!