Công thức thì HTHT

(+) S + has/have + V3/ed 

(-) S + has/have + not + V3/ed 

(?) Has/Have + S+ V3/ed?

DHNB: before, since + mốc thời gian, for + khoảng thời gian, yet, already, just,....

Công thức thì HTTD 

(+) S + am/is/are + Ving 

(-) S + am/is/are + not + Ving 

(?) Am/Is/Are +S +Ving? 

DHNB: now, right now, (!), at present, at the moment,.....

-------------------------------------------------------

1. hasn't played 

DHNB: since last year (HTHT)

2. are attending 

DHNB: right now (HTTD)

3. haven't had 

DHNB: since Thursday (HTHT)

4. haven't seen 

DHNB: for 5 years (HTHT)

5. is having 

Hành động diễn ra ở hiện tại ngay thời điểm nói --> HTTD

6. is happening 

Hành động diễn ra ở hiện tại ngay thời điểm nói --> HTTD

7. have just realized 

DHNB: just (HTHT)

8. have gone 

9. is composing

DHNB: at the present (HTTD)

`color{orange}{~MiaMB~}`

`\color{#145277}{N}\color{#246483}{a}\color{#34768F} {e}\color{#44889B}{u}\color{#539AA7}{n}`

`***` Thì HTHT : 

`@` For `+` quãng thời gian : trong khoảng (for a month, for a long time)

`@` Since `+` mốc thời gian : từ khi (since `2006`, since `2008`)

`(+):` S + have/ has + VpII

`(-):` S + have/ has + not + VpII

`(?):` Have/ Has + S + V3 `?`

       WH-word + have/ has + S (not) + V3 `?`

`->` S = I/ We/ You/ They + have

`->` S = He/ She/ It + has 

`***` Thì HTTD : 

`(+):` S + am / is / are + V-ing

`(-):` S + am / is / are + not + V-ing

`(?):` Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing`?`

        Wh- + am/ are/ is (not) + S + V-ing`?`

`->` DHNB : now, right now, at the present, at present, Look`!`, Listen`!`

`->` Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói

`------------`

`1.` hasn't played

`-` DHNB : since last year

`2.` are attending

`-` DHNB : right now

`3.` haven't had 

`-` DHNB : since Thursday 

`4.` haven't seen

`-` DHNB : for `5` years

`5.` is having

`6.` is happening

`-` DHNB : here

`7.` have just realized 

`-` DHNB : just

`8.` have gone

`-` DHNB : at twelve o'clock

`9.` is composing

`-` DHNB : at the present