`11,` He asked us if we had done our work yet.

- Câu tường thuật với Yes/No-questions : S + asked (O) + if/ whether + S + V (lùi thì)

- Hiện tại hoàn thành -> Quá khứ hoàn thành

`12,` Though he did not work hard, he got the job.

- Despite (not) V-ing, S + V : mặc dù (không),… (2 vế cùng chủ ngữ)

-> Though + S + V, S + V : mặc dù

`13,` It is two days since he last met me.

- S + (last) + Ved/ V2 + khoảng thời gian + ago

-> It + to be + khoảng thời gian + since + S + (last) + Ved/ V2

`14,` The last time he saw me was in 2018.

- The last time + S + Ved/ V2 + was + giới từ + mốc thời gian

`15,` He used to be a fast driver.

* Cụm động từ -> Cụm danh từ (V + adv -> adj + N)

- drive (v) lái xe -> driver (n) người lái xe

- fast (adj, adv) : nhanh

`16,` If he were not sick, he would not stay at home.

- Câu điều kiện loại 2 : If + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + would/ could + (not) + Vbare

-> Không có thật ở hiện tại

- Có thể dùng were với mọi ngôi

`17,` When did you start to ride this bike?

* Hiện tại hoàn thành -> Quá khứ đơn

- How long + have/has + S + PII?

-> When + did + S + start/ begin + to V/ V-ing?

`18,` Trees are being planted here.

- Bị động hiện tại tiếp diễn : S + am/is/are + being + PII + (by O)

`19,` She started riding this bike in 2015.

- S + have/has + PII + since + mốc thời gian

-> S + started/ began + to V/ V-ing + in + mốc thời gian

`20,` We last met him two years ago.

- S + have/has + not + PII + for + khoảng thời gian

-> S + last + Ved/ V2 + khoảng thời gian + ago

-> The last time + S + Ved/ V2 + was + khoảng thời gian + ago

`21,` Had he worked hard, he would not have failed the exam.

- Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3 : had + S + PII, S + would/ could + (not) + have + PII

11. He asked us if we had done our work yet

Câu gián tiếp (Yes-No qu__) : S + asked/...  + sb + if+ S + V-lùi thì

HTHT -> QKHT

12. Though he didn't work hard, he got the job

Despite/In spite of + NP/V-ing, S + V

= Although/Though/Even though + S + V, S + V

-> Mặc dù

13. It is two days since he last met me

S + (last) + V2/ed + KTG+ ago

-> It is/has been + KTG + since + S + (last) + V2/ed

14. The last time he saw me was in 2018

The last time + S + Ved/ V2 + was + in + năm

= S + last + V2/ed + in + năm

15. He used to be a fast driver

used to + V-bare: thói quen trong QK (giờ không còn)

16. If he weren't sick, he wouldn't stay at home

If 2: If + S + V2/ed, S + would/could + V-bare + O

17. When did you start riding this bike?

How long + have/has + S + VpII?

-> When + did + S + start/ begin + to V/ V-ing?

18. Trees are being planted here

Bị động HTTD : S + am/is/are + being + VpII + (by O)

19. She started riding this bike in 2015

 S + have/has + VpII + since + MTG

-> S + started/ began + to V/ V-ing + in + MTG

20. We last met him two years ago

 S + have/has + not + VpII + for + KTG

-> S + last + V2/ed + KTG + ago