`***` Bị động với các động từ thông báo:

`-` Với chủ ngữ thường: S1 + tobe + ĐTTB (Vpp) + to + V

`-` Với chủ ngữ giả 'It': It + tobe + said + that + S + V (any tense)

`***` Thì ở câu bị động ứng với thì ở câu chủ động (vế trước, không phải vế that)

`***` Nếu vế that dùng thì QKĐ thì dùng 'to have + Vpp' để thể hiện tính quá khứ

`------------`

`1. `

`-` It is believed that 13 is an unlucky number.

`-` 13 is believed to be an unlucky number.

`2.`

`-` It was rumoured that the man lived on the island.

`-` The man was rumoured to have lived on the island.

`3.` She was declared to have won the competition.

`4.` 

`-` It is known that English is an international language.

`-` English is known to be an international language.

`5.`

`-` It is thought that John is the brightest student in the class.

`-` John is thought to be the brightest student in the class.

`6.`

`-` It was said that the president suffered from a heart attack.

`-` The president was said to have suffered from a heart attack.

`7.`

`-` It was thought that he died of a natural death.

`-` He was thought to have died of a natural death.

`8.`

`-` It was reported that the troops had come.

`-` The troops were reported to have come.

`9.`

`-` It was believed that the earth stood still.

`-` The earth was believed to stand still.

`10.`

`-` It was said that he was the richest man in the town.

`-` He was said to have been the richest man in the town.

`1.` It is believed that `13` is an unlucky number.

`=` `13` is believed to be an unlucky number.

`2.` It was rumoured that the man lived on the island.

`=` The man was rumoured to live on the island.

`3.` She was declared to win the competition.

`4.` It is known that English is an international language.

`=` English is known to be an international language.

`5.` It is thought that John is the brightest student in the class.

`=` John is thought to be the brightest student in the class.

`6.` It was said that the president suffered from a heart attack.

`=` The president was said to suffer from a heart attack.

`7.` It was thought that he died of a natural death.

`=` He was thought to die of a natural death.

`8.` It was reported that the troops had come.

`=` The troops were reported to have been come.

`9.` It was believed that the earth stood still.

`=` The earth was believed to stand still.

`10.` It was said that he was the richest man in the town.

`=` He was said to be the richest man in the town.

`-----------------`

`-` Cấu trúc câu bị động chỉ ý kiến:

`->` CĐ: S `+` say/believe/think/ ... (chia) `+` S2 `+` V2 (chia)

`=` BĐ: It `+` be said/believed/thought/ ... `+` S2 `+` V2(chia)

`=` S2 `+` be said/believed/thought/ ... `+` to V/to have PII

`@` Chú ý: Nếu vế `2` ở thì QKĐ, hoặc khác thì ở cả `2` vế khi chuyển sang câu bị động bằng cách `2` thì sau "to" ta thêm "have PII".

`-` Nếu ở mệnh đề `2` ở câu chủ động là bị động ta có cấu trúc của `C2:`

`->` S2 `+` be said/believed/thought/ ... `+` to be PII/to have been PII