ĐỊNH CÁC DẠNG BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU DÙNG HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH VÀ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

1. HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH KHẲNG

 Công thức

S + have/ has + V3/ Ved + since + mốc thời gian/ ho for + khoảng thời gian

S + started/ began + Ving/ to Vo (đổi V3/ Ved sang) + (in/ on/ at) + mốc time/ khoảng time + ago

It’s + khoảng thời gian + since + S + started/ began + Ving/ to Vo

Ex: Cherry has learnt English at Sunflower for a week.

Cherry started/ began to learn English at Sunflower a week ago.

It’s a week since Cherry started/ began to learn English at Sunflower

Lưu ý:

since + tháng, năm -> in + tháng, năm

since + thứ, ngày -> on + thứ, ngày

since + giờ -> at + giờ

since + last ... -> bỏ giới từ đi chỉ giữ lại last + ...

since + mệnh đề (chia QKĐ)-> when + mệnh đề (chia QKĐ)

for + khoảng thời gian -> khoảng thời gian ago

 Ex: She has joined the club since last year.

-> She started/ began joining/ to join the club last year.

 

1. HTHT PHỦ ĐINH

S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V3 + since/ for

= S + last + V2 + (in/on/at) …/ … ago

= The last time + S + V2 + was (in/on/at) …/ … ago

= It’s/ It’s been + khoảng thời gian + since +S + (last) + V2

Quy tắc dùng since / for giống như HTHT khẳng định

1. When + did + S + start/ begin +V-ing/ to Vo … ?

-> How long ago + did + S + start/ begin +V-ing/ to Vo …?

-> How long + have / has + S + V3 / ed?

*Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu quá khứ đơn có chứa các động từ sau thì khi chuyển sang hiện tại hoàn thành ta thay đổi tương ứng:

Moved to -> have lived in

Bought -> have had/ have owned

Went to -> have been to

Arrived -> have been in/ have stayed in

Ex: I moved to Danang city two years ago.

-> I have lived in Danang city for two years.

 

PRACTICE

1) She started driving 1 month ago.

=> She has....................................................................................................

2) We began eating when it started to rain.

=> We have...................................................................................................

8) Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997

Samuel has ___________________________________

9)We started learning English fìve years ago.

We have ___________________________________

10) I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.

I have ___________________________________

11) She has taught the children in this remote village for five months

She started ___________________________________

12) He hasn't written to me since April.

The last time __________________________________

13) She hasn’t had a swim for five years

She last __________________________________

14) They last talked to each other two months ago

They haven’t __________________________________

15) The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999

She hasn’t __________________________________

ở trên là công thứ nha các bạn làm giúp mình nha mọi người