Đáp án:

a/

$ClO_{4}^{-}: Cl^{+7}$

$ClO^{-}: Cl^{+1}$

$Cl_{2}^{0}$

$ClO_{3}^{-} : Cl^{+5}$

$HClO_{4}: Cl^{+7}$

b/

$Br_{2}^{0}$

$HBr: Br^{0}$

$NaBr: Br^{+1}$

$HBrO: Br^{+1}$

$HBrO_{2}: Br^{+3}$

$HBrO_{3}: Br^{+5}$

$KBrO_{4}: Br^{+7}$

c/Cho các chất oxi hóa mạnh tác dụng với $HCl$:

$MnO_{2} +4HCl → MnCl_{2} +Cl_{2} +2H_{2}O$

$2KMnO_{4} +16HCl → 2KCl +2MnCl_{2} +5Cl_{2} +8H_{2}O$

$KClO_{3} +3 HCl → KCl +3Cl_{2} + 3H_{2}O$

$K_{2}Cr{2}O_{7} +14HCl →2 KCl + 2CrCl_{3} + 3Cl_{2} + 7H_{2}O$

4/

a/

$MnO_{2} + 4HClđ \buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow MnCl_{2} + Cl_{2} + 2H_{2}O$

$Cl_{2} + H_{2} \buildrel{{as}}\over\longrightarrow 2HCl$

$HCl + K → KCl + 1/2H_{2}$

$2KCl + 2H_{2}O \buildrel{{đpdd,cmn}}\over\longrightarrow 2KOH+Cl_{2} +H_{2}$

$3KOH +FeCl_{3} → Fe(OH)_{3} + 3KCl$

$2Fe(OH)_{3} \buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow Fe_{2}O_{3} + 3H_{2}O$

$Fe_{2}O_{3} +6HCl →2 FeCl_{3} +3H_{2}O$

$FeCl_{3} +3 AgNO_{3} → 3AgCl + Fe(NO_{3})_{3}$

c/

$Cl_{2} + 2NaBr →2NaCl +Br_{2}$

$Br_{2} + 2Na \buildrel{{t^o}}\over\longrightarrow 2NaBr$

$NaBr + H_{2}SO_{4} → NaHSO_{4} + HBr$

$2KMnO_{4} + 16HBr → 2KBr + 2MnBr_{2} +5Br_{2} +8H_{2}O$

Giải thích các bước giải: