`1.` My father has given up smoking since last year

`-` S + has/ have + (not) + V_ed/ V3 + since + mốc thời gian

`2.` I have not read War and Peace since 2005

`-` S + has/ have + (not) + V_ed/ V3 + since + mốc thời gian

`3.` I wish I could have a new car

`-` S + wish/ wishes + S + V_ed/ V2 `(`Câu ước ở hiện tại`)`

`4.` A robber was arrested in the forest by the police yesterday

`-` S + was/ were + (not) + V_ed/ V3 + (by O) `(`Câu bị động thì quá khứ đơn`)`

`5.`  The last time he wrote to me was two months ago

`-` The last time + S + V_ed/ V2 + was + khoảng thời gian + ago

`6.` I wish we didn't miss the film

`-` S + wish/ wishes + S + didn't + V_inf `(`Câu ước ở hiện tại, dạng phủ định`)`

1. My father has given up smoking for a year

=> began to V...=have/has+Vp2+for..year

2. I have not read War and Peace since 2005

=> last Vqk=have/has not+Vp2..

3. I wish he could have a new car

=> câu ước lùi 1 thì

4. A robber was arrested in the forest by the police

=> bị động: S+tobe+Vp2+(by...)

5. The last time he wrote to me was two months ago

=> the last time+mệnh đề ở quá khứ+was+...

6. I wish we didn't miss the film

=> câu ươc luì 1 thì