The first traffic signal was invented by a railway signaling engineer. It was installed (1)__________ the House of Parliament in 1868. It (2)__________ like any railway signal of the time and was operated by gas. (3)__________, it exploded and killed a policeman, and the accident (4)__________further development until cars became common. (5)__________ traffic lights are an American invention. Red-green (6)__________ were installed in Cleveland in 1914. Three-color signals, operated (7)__________ hand from a tower in the (8)__________ of the street, were installed in New York in 1918. The (9)__________ light of this type to (10)__________ in Britain were in London on the junction between St.James’s Street and Piccadilly, in 1925. Automic signals were installed (11)__________ year later. In the past, traffic lights were 912) __________. In New York, somelights had a statue on top. In Los Angeles, the lights did not just (13)__________ silently, but would ring bells to (14)__________ the sleeping motorists of the 1930s. These are gone and have been (15)__________ by standard models which are universally adopted. 1. A. outside B. out C. out of D. outdoors 2. A. resembled B. looked C. showed D. seemed 3. A. however B. therefore C. although D. despite 4. A. forbade B. disappointed C. avoided D. discouraged 5. A. new B. recent C. modern D. late 6. A. methods B. ways C. systems D. means 7. A. by B. with C. through D. in 8. A. middle B. heart C. focus D. halfway 9. A. original B. primary C. first D. early 10. A. show B. appear C. happen D. become 11. A. a B. in the C. in a D. the 12. A. various B. particular C. rare D. special 13. A. change B. alter C. vary D. move 14. A. rise B. raise C. wake D. get up 15. A. reproduced B. replaced C. removed D. remained