1. Tom is often called by Mary at 10 o'clock

=> Bị động ở hiện tại đơn: S+ is/ am/ are+ Ved/ V3+(by+O)

2. all the workers were instructed by the chief engineer of the plan last Sunday

=> Bị động ở quá khứ đơn:  S+ was/ were+ Ved/ V3+(by+O)

3. The cake is always cut by Mary with a sharp knife

=> Bị động ở hiện tại đơn: S+ is/ am/ are+ Ved/ V3+(by+O)

4. Although Tony learnt very hard, he failed this test

5. In spite of being tired, my uncle still drove a hundred kilometers to the next city 

=> In spite of/ Despite+ Noun/ Ving/ Noun phrase, S+ V+O: mặc dù là...

6. Despite the very low salary, her brother really enjoy this job

=>In spite of/ Despite+ Noun/ Ving/ Noun phrase, S+ V+O: mặc dù là...

$\text{1.}$Tom is often called by Mary at 10 o'clock

→ Câu bị động thì HTĐ :  S + is/am/are + Vpp + ( by O ) 

$\text{2.}$all the workers were instructed by the chief engineer of the plan last Sunday

→ Câu bị động thì QKĐ : S + was/were + Vpp + ( by O ) 

$\text{3.}$The cake is always cut by Mary with a sharp knife

→ Câu bị động thì HTĐ :  S + is/am/are + Vpp + ( by O ) 

$\text{4.}$Although Tony learnt very hard, he failed this test . 

→ although : mặc dù 

→ Although + S + clause , S + clause 

$\text{5.}$In spite of being tired, my uncle still drove a hundred kilometers to the next city .

→ In spite of/ Despite+ Noun/Noun Phrase/V-ing , S + clause 

$\text{6.}$ Despite the very low salary, her brother really enjoy this job .

→ In spite of/ Despite+ Noun/ Noun Phrases/V-ing , S+ clause