${1.}$ He asked me to let him borrow my car.

→ asked sb to do sth: yêu cầu ai đó làm gì

${2.}$ Thomas asked Jean if she had seen his gloves.

→ S + asked + (O) + if/wheter + S + V(lùi thì): câu gián tiếp dạng câu hỏi yes/no

${3.}$ She said that she would have a cup of tea with me.

${4.}$ She said that she would pay him if she could.

→ do là câu ĐK loại 1 nên ta vẫn lùi thì bình thường

${5.}$ He told Jack that he would phone him the following day.

→ S + said/ told + O/ said to + O (that) + S + V(lùi thì): câu gián tiếp dạng trần thuật

* Một số thì của động từ lùi thì:

- HTĐ → QKĐ

- HTTD → QKTD

- HTHT → QKHT

- HTHTTD → QKHTTD

- QKĐ → QKHT 

- QKTD → QKHTTD

- is/am/are going to → was/were going to

- can/ will/ shall/ may/ must + V0 → could/ would/ should/ might/ had to + V0

`1`. He asked her to let her borrow his car.

`2`. Thomas asked Jean if she had seen his gloves.(S + asked/ wondered/ wanted to know + if/ whether + S +V)

`3`. SHe said that she would have a cup of tea with me .

`4`. She said that she would pay him if she could.(S + asked/ wondered/ wanted to know + if/ whether + S +V)

`5`. He told Jack that he would phone Jack the next day/the day after .

Cấu trúc 3 còn lại :  S + say(s)/ said (that) + Mệnh đề được tường thuật