`1.` The man is looking for his favorite dog. He lives near me and often drops me.
The man who lives near me and often drops me is looking for his favorite dog.
`2.` She hardly phoned me when I and she were in Moscow.
Hardly did she phoned me when I and she were in Moscow.
`3.` Although the traffic was heavy, I arrived on time.
In spite of the heavy traffic, I arrived on time.
`4.` Very few cities are as expensive as Tokyo.
Tokyo is more expensive than very many cities.
`5.` "Are you writing a letter to the leader now?"
He asked me if I was writing a letter to the leader then.

1. The man living near me and often dropping me is looking for his favourite dog.

- Rút gọn mệnh đề câu chủ động ⇒ Dùng V-ing.

2. Hardly did she phone me when I and she were in Moscow.

- Đảo ngữ với trạng từ chỉ tần suất: Hardly +  trợ động từ + S + V.

3. In spite of the heavy traffic, I arrived on time.

- In spite of/ Despite + N/V-ing.

= Although/ Though/ Even though + clause.

4. Tokyo is one of the most expensive cities.

5. He asked me if I was writing a letter the leader then.