1. Although the weather was bad, we went out for a picnic.

→ Despite/In spite of + N/V_ing, S + V: Mặc dù .. nhưng ..

= Although + S + V, S + V

2. If she didn't have too much work, she could have more time for relaxtion.

→ câu ĐK loại 2 (diễn tả 1 hành động không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai): If + S + QKĐ, S + would/could + V0

3. More active roles in the classroom will be played by students.

→ câu bị động thì TLĐ: S + will + be + V3/ed + (by+O)

4. It is three years since we last went to Spain.

→ S + last + V2/ed + time + ago: Lần cuối cùng làm gì

= It is + time + since + S + last + V2/ed

5. She is now living in a house which was built by her grandparents.

→ N(vật) + which

1. Despite the bad weather,we went out for a picnic

=> Although the weather was bad,we went out for a picnic.

Despite/In spite of + Noun/Noun Phrase/V-ing, S + V + …

S + V + …despite/in spite of + Noun/Noun Phrase/V-ing.

Despite/In spite of the fact that + Clause, Main clause

Although/ though/ even though + S + V (chia theo thì thích hợp)

(*) Although + S + V 

<=> In spite of/ despite + a/an/ the + Adj+ N

2. She can't have more time for relaxation because she has too much work.

=> If she didn't have few work, she could have more time for relaxation.

Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 2:

If + S + V Quá khứ đơn/were, S +would/could/might +V nguyên thể/be V-ing

3. Students will play more active roles in the classroom.

=> More active roles in the classroon will be played by students.

Cấu trúc câu bị động thì tương lai đơn:

Chủ động: S + will + V(nguyên thể) + O

Bị động: S + will + be + VpII + (by O)

4. We last went to Spain three years ago.

=> It is three years since we last went to Spain.

Cấu trúc:

S + last + Vp2/ed + time + ago  = It is + time + since + S + last + Vp2/ed