INTERNATIONAL GIFT-GIVING CUSTOMS The tradition of gift giving is a worldwide practice that is said to have been around since the beginning of human beings. Over time, different cultures have developed their own gift giving customs and traditions. In France, the gift of wine for the hostess of a dinner party is not an appropriate gift as the hostess would prefer to choose the vintage for the night. In Sweden, a bottle of wine or flowers are an appropriate gift for the hostess. In Viet Nam, a gift of whisky is appropriate for the host, and some fruit or small gifts for the hostess, children or elders of the home. Besides, gifts should never be wrapped in black paper because this color is unlucky and associated with funerals in this country. Gifts that symbolize cutting such as scissors, knives and other sharp objects should be avoided because they mean the cutting of the relationship. Also, in some countries you should not open the gift in front of the giver and in others it would be an insult if you did not open the gift. Beyond the gift itself, give careful consideration to the manner in which it is presented. Different cultures have different customs regarding how a gift should be offered - using only your right hand or using both hands, for example. Others have strong traditions related to the appropriate way to accept a gift. In Singapore, for instance, it is the standard to graciously refuse a gift several times before finally accepting it. The recipient would never unwrap a gift in front of the giver for fear of appearing greedy. Understanding these traditions and customs, as well as taking time to choose an appropriate gift, will help you to avoid any awkwardness or embarrassment as you seek to build a better cross-cultural relationship. 31. When did the tradition of gift-giving become popular all over the world? A. a long time ago B. thousands of years ago C. since the beginning of humans D. since the beginning of industrialization 32. Which of the following is NOT true about gift-giving customs? A. In France, wine is not considered a suitable gift for the hostess of a dinner party. B. In Sweden, it is not customary to bring some wine or flowers when you are invited to a dinner party. C. In Viet Nam, such things as scissors, knives and other sharp objects shouldn't be used as a gift. D. In Singapore, it is unacceptable to open the gift right in front of the giver. 33. The phrase “associated with" is closest in meaning to __________. A. connected with B. familiar with C. informed of D. similar to 34. The word “it" in paragraph 3 refer to _______________. A. consideration B. manner C. gift D. culture 35. Which of the following is the main idea of paragraph 3? A. The people who are presented with gifts B. The traditions of giving and receiving gifts C. The occasions of giving and receiving gifts D. The manners of giving and receiving gifts Read the passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D to fill in each gap Deep sleep is important for everyone. The actual amount of sleep you need depends (36) ________ your age. A young child ought to sleep ten to twelve hours, and a teenager about nine hours. Adults differ a lot in their sleeping (37) ________. For most of them, seven to eight hours a night is enough, but some sleep longer, while others manage with only four hours. For a good night, having a comfortable (38) ________ to sleep is very important. Also, there should be plenty of fresh air in the room. A warm drink sometimes helps people to sleep, (39) ________ it is not a good idea to drink coffee immediately before going to bed. If you have to travel a very long distance, try to go to bed (40) ________ than usual the day before the journey. This will help you feel more rested when you arrive. 36. A. on B. in C. of D. to 37. A. habits B. ways C. actions D. manners 38. A. point B. part C. place D. position 39. A. even B. though C. as D. because 40. A. as early B. early C. earliest D. earlier