`*` DẠNG `1`:
S + haven’t/hasn’t + V_II + for + thời gian
`=` It’s + thời gian + … + since + last + QKĐ (khẳng định)
`*` Dạng `2`:
 S + htht(phủ định) + before + …
`=` It’s + the first time + S + HTHT (khẳng định)
`*` Dạng `3`:
S + HTHT(phủ định) + since/for + …
`=` S + last + QKĐ(khẳng định) …. + when + mệnh đề
`=` The last time + S + QKĐ(khẳng định) + was + thời gian
`*` Dạng `4`:
 S + HTHT (khẳng định) + for + thời gian
`=` S + began/started + V_ing/to_V + thười gian + ago
`*` Dạng `5`:
When did + S + V_nt?
`=` How + long + have/has + S +  V_II?

Mẫu 1 : S + started/began +V-ing/toV +....

⇒ S + have/has +P2/Ved +....... for/ since 

VD : Ba began swimming in the pool at 5p.m

⇒ Ba has swum in the pool since 5p.m

Mẫu 2 : S + haven’t/ hasn’t +P2/Ved +........ for/ since

⇒ S + last + V(qk)+ ........... ago

⇒ The last time + S + V(qk)  +.......+was + time 

VD : Lan hasn’t phoned me for a long time 

⇒ Lan last phoned me a long time ago

⇒ The last time Lan phoned me a long time ago

Mẫu 3 :  It’s/This / That is + the first / second / ....... time + S +have/ has + ever + P2/Ved

⇒ S + have / has + never/not +P2/Ved + ....... before 

VD: It’s the $1^{st}$ time I have ever met him ⇒ I have never met him before 

4. When did + S + V(b).....?

⇒ How long is it since + S + V (qk ) +...... ?

VD : When did you buy this car ? 

⇒ How long is it since you bought this car ? 

Xin 5*, cảm ơn nha / Chúc bạn học tốt 

@ Lyubov