1. Discuss the role and social status of men and women in today's society

Simone De Beauvoir, French philosopher, writer (1908 - 1986), founder of existential feminism, part of modern feminist doctrine, author of the famous book "Second Sex" (The Second Sex), was one of the first to coax the term "social position" to compare it with the term "social role" of women from a philosophical and sociological perspective. Stemming from the inequality between men and women that exist in a male-dominated society, she found that women have suffered a lot of injustice when only taking into account the role of women without paying much attention to their position. their position, social status. Until now, this situation still exists in many places. So how is the difference between these two concepts?
 
From a sociological perspective, "social role" determines what individuals must do in a certain space and time according to the rules and norms set by society. Life of individuals is mainly due to many different social roles, so they have to follow a number of frameworks available. For example: the woman is the producer, the wife, the mother in the family; Men also play the role of producer, husband, and father.

Role is an important concept, according to G. Herbert Mead - founder of the sociological theory "Symbolic Interaction", the development of social roles in an individual is by people: on the one hand acknowledging their own fragility and limitations that cause them to find relationships with others in order to live; on the other hand, it is to find and choose the types of action that are conducive to cooperation and social transactions. So role is the set of expectations, rights and obligations that society imposes, assigns to people. Roles are shaped by social and cultural demands. An individual's role is one or more functions that an individual must undertake to society. At the same time, they also receive corresponding social benefits in performing their roles.

The term "social position" or "social position" refers to the position of a person standing in the social organizational structure, according to the assessment and evaluation of that society. Therefore, a person's social status is the status or rank that one has. There are many different definitions of "social position", but can be defined in the most general way: social position or social position of a person is what society recognizes for that person in terms of social ladder. Social status, essentially a cognitive phenomenon, in which individuals or groups are compared with others and groups of differences on the basis of some alleged traits or qualities. has meaning in that society. On the other hand, the status placement of a person or a group is derived from the views of others, which are based on a community value system.

The position and role of individuals in society derive from their economic, political and social position, determined by the status of individuals in the class and social groups in which that individual is member. Each individual has many different positions and roles in the family, in society ... and depending on his role, he or she will have behavior, behavior, behavior, and actions corresponding to the role. personally responsible. Position and role are always closely linked. An individual's position is determined by answering the question: who is that person? The role of individuals is determined by answering the question: what should the person do? Role depends on position (position, role).

In principle, the social position of all individuals in society is the same and there is no discrimination, high or low ranking. However, in a society with class and gender discrimination, this depends on the class stance and gender of the individual.

From the above analysis, Simone De Beauvoir has made the point: women have a huge role in society by giving birth and nurturing generations, producing material and spiritual wealth, taking care of the cities. family members, but their status is very low, overlooked and dependent on men. The difference between the position and role of women is the inequality in the perception and behavior of society that makes gender oppression worse. S.De Beauvoir affirmed: being a woman is not a disease and "I do not submit to anyone, I am always my own boss". Women are not only born, but they must be respected.

With the same point of view, the American sociologist Betty Friedan (1921-2006), the founding member of the feminist theory, the author of the book "Feminine Mystique" has also had some famous debates. To the authors of the Functional Structure theory (a major theory of modern sociology) opposes its masculine hierarchical division of society, in which men dominate, and women are treated.

From a sociological perspective, "social role" determines what individuals must do in a certain space and time according to the rules and norms set by society. Life of individuals is mainly due to many different social roles, so they have to follow a number of frameworks available. For example: the woman is the producer, the wife, the mother in the family; Men also play the role of producer, husband, and father.

Role is an important concept, according to G. Herbert Mead - founder of the sociological theory "Symbolic Interaction", the development of social roles in an individual is by people: on the one hand acknowledging their own fragility and limitations that cause them to find relationships with others in order to live; on the other hand, it is to find and choose the types of action that are conducive to cooperation and social transactions. So role is the set of expectations, rights and obligations that society imposes, assigns to people. Roles are shaped by social and cultural demands. An individual's role is one or more functions that an individual must undertake to society. At the same time, they also receive corresponding social benefits in performing their roles.

The term "social position" or "social position" refers to the position of a person standing in the social organizational structure, according to the assessment and evaluation of that society. Therefore, a person's social status is the status or rank that one has. There are many different definitions of "social position", but can be defined in the most general way: social position or social position of a person is what society recognizes for that person in terms of social ladder. Social status, essentially a cognitive phenomenon, in which individuals or groups are compared with others and groups of differences on the basis of some alleged traits or qualities. has meaning in that society. On the other hand, the status placement of a person or a group is derived from the views of others, which are based on a community value system.

The position and role of individuals in society derive from their economic, political and social position, determined by the status of individuals in the class and social groups in which that individual is member. Each individual has many different positions and roles in the family, in society ... and depending on his role, he or she will have behavior, behavior, behavior, and actions corresponding to the role. personally responsible. Position and role are always closely linked. An individual's position is determined by answering the question: who is that person? The role of individuals is determined by answering the question: what should the person do? Role depends on position (position, role).

In principle, the social position of all individuals in society is the same and there is no discrimination, high or low ranking. However, in a society with class and gender discrimination, this depends on the class stance and gender of the individual.

From the above analysis, Simone De Beauvoir has made the point: women have a huge role in society by giving birth and nurturing generations, producing material and spiritual wealth, taking care of the cities. family members, but their status is very low, overlooked and dependent on men. The difference between the position and role of women is the inequality in the perception and behavior of society that makes gender oppression worse. S.De Beauvoir affirmed: being a woman is not a disease and "I do not submit to anyone, I am always my own boss". Women are not only born, but they must be respected.

With the same point of view, the American sociologist Betty Friedan (1921-2006), the founding member of the feminist theory, the author of the book "Feminine Mystique" has also had some famous debates. To the authors of the Functional Structure theory (a major theory of modern sociology) opposes its masculine hierarchical division of society, in which men dominate, and women are treated.

In the work "About women", the great writer Lu Xun (1881-1936), the great culturalist of China wrote: "This social regime has forced women to become slaves in all forms and then fall. on their heads how much is their sins ... In a private society, women are also seen as their own goods. All nations, all religions have strange, quaint rules that regard women as an animal of bad omen, intimidate them, make them submit to slaves, and at the same time want them to be things. play for the college class ".

Up to now, on the global scale, the perception of the role and social status of men and women has not changed much and to different degrees in different countries. For example, in civilized countries, the distance of these two terms will be narrowed, and in backward and underdeveloped countries, the more the gap will be.

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