Đáp án:

`1,` Letters are typed in the office by Mary.

`2,` This bottle was broken by Peter.

`3,` A present was sent to me last week.

`4,` More information was given to us by her.

`5,` All the workers of the plan were being instructed by the chief engineer.

`6,` The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boys.

`7,` A lot of money is spent on advertising every day.

`8,` A story is going to be told by teacher.

`9,` A cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Mary.

`10,` The woman with a red hat was looked at by the children.

Giải thích:

Bị động `:`

- Hiện tại đơn `:` S + is / am / are + V3 / PII ( by O ).

- Hiện tại tiếp diễn `:` S + is / am / are + being + V3 / PII ( by O ).

- Quá khứ đơn `:` S + was / were + V3 / PII ( by O ).

- Quá khứ tiếp diễn `:` S + was / were + being + V3 / PII ( by O ).

- Tương lai gần `:` S + is / am / are + going to + be + V3 / PII ( by O ).

$\text{1. }$Letters are typed in the office by Mary

$\text{2. }$This bottle was broken by Peter

$\text{3. }$I was sent a present last week.

$\text{4. }$We were given more information by her.

$\text{5. }$All the workers of the plan were being instructed by the chief engineer

$\text{6. }$The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boys

$\text{7. }$A lot of money is spent on advertising every day.

$\text{8. }$A story is going to be told by teacher

$\text{9. }$A cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Mary

$\text{10. }$The woman with a red hat was looked at by the children

- Cấu trúc bị động thì Hiện tại đơn:

(+) S+ am/is/are+ V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

(-) S+ am not/ isn't/ aren't+ V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

(?) Wh-question+ am/is/are+ S+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)?

- Trong đó: 

I+ am

He/ she/ it/ Danh từ số ít+ is

They/ we/ you/ Danh từ số nhiều+ are

- Cấu trúc bị động thì Quá khứ đơn: 

(+) S+ was/were+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

(-) S+ wasn't/ weren't+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

(?) Wh-question+ was/were+ S+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

- Trong đó: 

 We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều + were

                  I/He/ She/ It / Danh từ số ít+ was

- Cấu trúc bị động thì tương lai gần: 

(+) S+ am/is/are+ going to be+ V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

(-) S+ am not/ isn't/ aren't+ going to be+V-ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

(?) Wh-question+ am/is/are+ S+going to be+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)?

- Trong đó: 

I+ am

He/ she/ it/ Danh từ số ít+ is

They/ we/ you/ Danh từ số nhiều+ are

- Với các chủ ngữ chủ động là " I , he , she , we , they" thì khi chuyển sang câu bị động, có thể lược bỏ phần "by O"

- Với các chủ ngữ chủ động là " People , no one , some one, no body, ... " thì viết lại với câu bị động, phải lược bỏ phần "by O"  

- Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn luôn đứng trước "by O"

- Trạng từ chỉ thời gian luôn đứng sau "by O"

$\text{# themoonstarhk}$