Cấu trúc câu tường thuật:

-Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu kể: 

S + say(s)/said hoặc tell/told + (that) + S + V

-Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu hỏi Y/N:  

S+asked/wanted to know/wondered+if/whether+S+V

-Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu hỏi W/h :

S + asked/ wanted to know/ wondered + Wh + S + V ( đổi ngôi / lùi thì )

-Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh:

S + told + O +(not to)+ to-infinitive.

Đáp án:

1. "Be quiet, children!" The teacher said

->The teacher told the children to be quiet.

2."My grandfather met the President of the United States," he said

-> He said (that) his grandfather had met the President of the United States.

3."Where are you going on vacation this summer?" asked Harry.

->Harry asked where I was going on vacation that summer.

-HTĐ-> QKĐ

-this->that

4."Was Jessica at the party last night?" asked Ann.

->Ann asked if Jessica had been at the party the night before.    

1. "Be quiet, children!" The teacher said

$\text{$\Rightarrow$ The teacher told the student to be quiet.}$

GT:

+) tell sb to V: bảo/yêu cầu ai làm gì.

2. "My grandfather met the President of the United States," he said

$\text{$\Rightarrow$ He said his grandfather had met the President of the United States.}$

GT: Chuyển từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp

+) Chuyển ngôi: My `->` His

+) Chuyển thì: QKĐ (met) `->` QKHT (had met)

3. "Where are you going on vacation this summer?" asked Harry

$\text{$\Rightarrow$ Harry asked where I was going on vacation that summer.}$

GT:

+) CT: S + asked O/wanted to know + WH-word + S+ V(lùi thì)

+) Chuyển ngôi: you `->` I

+) Chuyển thì: HTĐ `->` QKĐ

4. "Was Jessica at the party last night?" asked Ann

$\text{$\Rightarrow$ Ann asked if Jessica had been at the party the previous night.}$

GT:

+) CT: S + asked O/ wanted to know + if + S + V(lùi thì)

+) Chuyển ngôi: Không có vì là danh từ riêng

+) Chuyển thì: QKĐ `->` QKHT

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