Task 5: Read the article about the world getting hotter. Circle the best answer A, B, C or D for each space. THE WORLD IS GETTING HOTTER The world is getting hotter because (1) _____ us! Our factories, cars, trains and planes (2) _____ the air dirty. When (3) ______ sun shines, everything gets hot and the dirt stops the hot air from going (4) ______ to the sky. Because the hot air has nowhere to go, (5) _____ gets hotter. Already our world is (6) _____ than it was one hundred years ago. Hot countries may become drier and the people who live there will not be able to grow enough food. Ice in cold areas (7) ____ changing to water because of higher temperatures. When this happens, the seas become bigger. Some towns (8) ______ the sea may have a problem soon. We can help (9) ______ we stop making the air dirty (10) ______ we must do something fast! 1. A. by B. for C. of D. to 2. A. make B. makes C. making D. made 3. A. a B. the C. an D. our 4. A. on B. at C. in D. up 5. A. everything B. all C. every D. some 6. A. warm B. warms C. warmer D. warmest 7. A. are B. be C. is D. being 8. A. near B. to C. in D. on 9. A. so B. then C. but D. if 10. A. but B. however C. and D. or Task 6: Read the following passage and circle the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. The Geography of Antarctica Antarctica is the fifth largest of the seven continents and is the only continent other than Australia that is an island. Antarctica sits at the bottom of the world over the South Pole of the earth. However, the South Pole is not in the middle of Antarctica; it is west of the center of the continent. Antarctica also includes the islands located near the continent. A peninsula of Antarctica, known as Graham Land, projects towards the southern tip of South America. Antarctica is bordered by the southernmost edges of the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. Recently geographers have named this portion of the worlds ocean the Southern Ocean or, alternatively, the Antarctic Ocean. The north boundary for the Southern Ocean is the 60º line of southern latitude. This is not an arbitrary line; oceanographers selected this boundary because the ocean shows physical differences at this line of latitude. The Weddell Sea is an extension of the South Atlantic Ocean while the Amundsen Sea and the Ross Sea are extensions of the South Pacific Ocean. Even though the entire continent of Antarctica is covered by deep layers of ice, there is bedrock underneath the ice. Before the polar ice caps formed there was land where the ice is now. Scientists tell us that the bedrock under Antarctica has sunk due to the tremendous weight of the ice on top of it. Even though Antarctica is surrounded by salt water in the ocean, the ice that covers the continent is freshwater ice. Antarctica is largest depository of fresh water on earth. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice. The small amount of exposed land in Antarctica is classified as tundra biome. Technically, Antarctica is a desert because most of the continent receives very little precipitation. There are three major mountain ranges in Antarctica: The Transantarctic Mountains, the West Antarctica Ranges, and the East Antarctica Ranges. The Transantarctic Mountains, one of the longest mountain ranges on earth, divide the continent roughly into halves called East and West Antarctica. However, the Ellsworth Mountains near Graham Land are the highest mountains of Antarctica and the mountain named Vinson Massif, at 16,050 feet in height, is the highest point in Antarctica. Questions 1. Antarctica is bordered by the _______. A. Southern Ocean B. Arctic Ocean C. Both A and B D. None of those 2. The continent that is closest to Antarctica is _______. A. North America B. South America C. Europe D. Asia 3. Which of the following is a sea of Antarctica? A. Ross Sea B. Amundsen Sea C. Weddell Sea D. All of the above 4. The exposed land of Antarctica that is not covered by ice is classified as what type of biome? A. Taiga B. Desert C. Tundra D. Arctic 5. The highest mountains in Antarctica are the _______. A. Ellsworth Mountains B. Transantarctic Mountains C. West Antarctica Ranges D. East Antarctica Ranges 6. How much of Antarctica is covered by ice? A. One-quarter B. One-half C. Three-quarters D. Nearly all