`-` BĐ :

`+` QKĐ : S + was / were + VpII ( by O )

`+` HTHT : S + have / has + been + VpII ( by O )

`1`.`3` hostages were kept by this terrorist

`2`.You haven't been seen for `3` years

`3`.The passage was read `3` times by the examiner

`4`.The town was destroyed by an earthquake

`5`.The letter hasn't been typed since last night

`6`.I was picked up at my house

`7`.When was he seen in that bank ?

`8`.I was taken to Ho Chi Minh City by my father last week

`9`.The keys were returned to me by a man

`10`.Her friends have been seen at the station three times by Mary

`11`.Everything was prepared for the presidential election

`12`.All exercises were finished last Friday

`\text{# TF}`

`1. 3` hostages were kept by this terrorist.

`-` Câu bị động thì QKD: S + was/were + VpII + (by + O) + time.

`2.` You haven't been seen for years 

`-` Câu bị động thì HTHT: 

`( - )` S + haven't/hasn't + been + VpII + (by + O) 

`3.` The passage was read times by the examiner.

`4.` The town was destroyed by an earthquake.

`5.` The letter hasn't been typed since last night.

`6.` I was picked up at my house. 

`7.` When was he seen in that bank?

`( ? )` Was/Were + S + VpII + (by + O) + time.

`8.` I was taken to Ho Chi Minh City by my father last week.

`9.` The keys were returned to me by a man.

`10.` Her friends have been seen at the station three times by Mary.

`-` Câu bị động thì HTHT: S + have/has + been + VpII + (By + O) + time. 

`11.` Everything was prepared for the presidential election.

`12.` All exercises were finished last Friday.