`-` Thì QKHT diễn tả `1` hành động xảy ra trước `1` hành động khác trong QK. Hành động xảy ra trước chia QKHT, hành động xảy ra sau chia QKĐ

`=>` QKHT+ before+ QKĐ

hoặc: QKĐ+ after+ QKHT

`-` Câu khẳng định ( thì QKHT): S+ had+ Vpp

`-` Câu khẳng định ( thì QKĐ): S+ Ved/ V2

`1`. had met `-` met

`2`. phoned `-` had phoned

`3`. had eaten `-` stood

`4`. killed `-` had drunk

`5`. did `-`going 

`-` sau giới từ là Ving

`6`. turned `-` had come 

`7`. burned `-` had gone

`8`. had drunk `-` left 

*  Cấu trúc thì Qúa khứ đơn 

(+) S +V (ed/ cột 2) 

(-)  S + didn't + V 

(?) Did + S + V?

- DHNB: ago, last,..

* Cấu trúc thì Qúa khứ hoàn thành 

(+) S + had + V-pp 

(-) S + hadn't + V-pp

(?) Had + S + V-pp?

- DHNB: after,...

`1.` had met - met 

`2.` phoned - had phoned

`3.` had eaten - stood

`4.` killed - had drunk

`5.` did - going 

`6.` turned - had come

`7.` burned - had gone

`8.` had drunk - left