`4`. George said (that) he was thinking of going on a diet.

- hiện tại tiếp diễn -> quá khứ tiếp diễn, I -> he

`5`. Carol said (that) her sister had lived in Russia for a year.

- Thì quá khứ đơn -> quá khứ hoàn thành

- my sister -> her sister

`6`. Jill said she had been snowboarding the year before.

- Thì quá khứ đơn -> quá khứ hoàn thành

- last year -> the year before, I -> she

- have gone : đi nhưng chưa trở về, have been: đi nhưng trở về rồi

`7`. Karl said (that) he would call me the next day.

- will -> would, I -> he, tomorrow -> the next day

`8`. Arthur said they were flying home the next week.

- Hiện tại tiếp diễn -> quá khứ tiếp diễn

- next week -> the next week, we -> they

* Cấu trúc câu tường thuật: 

- S1 + said + (that) + S2 + V lùi thì

`4.` George said that he was thinking of going on a diet. 

`-` Thì HTTD `->` QKTD (lùi thì)

`-` Chủ ngữ số ít `=>` Đi với tobe was (S + was/were + V-ing + O)

`-` Cấu trúc: S + said/told/... + (that) + S + V lùi thì

`-` I `->` he (Chủ ngữ là George) 

`5.` Carol said her sister had lived in Russia for a year.

`-` Thì QKD `->` thì QKHT (lùi thì)

`-` my `->` her (Chủ ngữ là Carol)

`6.` Jill said she had been snowboarding the year before. 

`-` Thì QKD `->` Thì QKHT (lùi thì) (Had+ VpII)

`-` last year `->` the year before.

`-` have gone `->` have been: có đi nhưng đã trở về 

`7.` Karl said he would call me the next day.

`-` Thì TLD `->` would + V-inf (lùi thì)

`-` tomorrow `->` the next day.

`8.` Arthur said they were flying home the following week.

`-` Thì HTTD `->` Thì QKTD (lùi thì) (was/were + V-ing)

`-` next week `->` the following week.

`-` Chủ ngữ số nhiều `=>` Tobe were