`1`.She said that she had been at home the previous week

`\rightarrow` Tường thuật : 

`=>` S + said + that + S + V ( lùi thì )

`\rightarrow` QKĐ `->` QKHT : S + had + VpII ( `1 , 4` )

`2`.I haven't met Minh for 5 years

`\rightarrow` The last time + S + Ved / V2 + was time / timeline

`=>` S + haven't / hasn't + VpII + for time / since timeline

`3`.A picture is being carved in the workshop

`\rightarrow` BĐ `-` HTTD : S + is / am / are + being + VpII ( by O )

`4`.She asked Nam if she had helped him with his homework

`\rightarrow` Tường thuật NV ( Yes / No ) :

`=>` S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V ( lùi thì )

`5`.Despite / In spite of the wind , she didn't fly a kite

`\rightarrow` Despite / In spite of + V-ing / N + Clause : Mặc dù

`=>` Dùng để chỉ về sự đối lập giữa `2` mệnh đề

`6`.She asked Hoa how many workshops there were in her village 

`\rightarrow` Tường thuật NV ( Wh ) :

`=>` S + asked + O + wh + S + V ( lùi thì )

`\rightarrow` HTĐ `->` QKĐ ( ĐT Tobe ) : S + was / were + adj / n

`\text{# Eternal}`

$\text{1. }$She said that she had been at home the week before

- Quá khứ đơn => Quá khứ hoàn thành

- I => she

- Last week => the week before

- Cấu trúc câu gián tiếp ( câu kể): S+ said+ (to O)+ (that)+S+ V(lùi thì)

$\text{2. }$I haven't met Minh for 5 years.

- Cấu trúc: The last time+S+ V(Quá khứ đơn)+ was+ khoảng thời gian/ mốc thời gian

= S+ hasn't/ haven't+ V_ed/ bqt+ for+ khoảng thời gian/ since+ mốc thời gian

$\text{3. }$A picture is being carved in the workshop.

- Bị động hiện tại tiếp diễn: S+ am/is/are+ being+ V_ed/ bqt+ (by+O)

$\text{4. }$She asked Nam if she had helped him with his homework

- you => him

- your => his

- Quá khứ đơn => Quá khứ hoàn thành

- Cấu trúc câu trần thuật ( Yes- No question): S+ asked+ O+ if/whether+ S+ V(lùi thì)

$\text{5. }$In spite of being windy, she didn't fly a kite

- Although = In spite of/ Despite: Mặc dù

- Cấu trúc: Although+ S+ V, S+ V= In spite of+ N/ Ving, S+ V

- Khi chuyển từ Although  sang " In spite of" hay ngược lại, thì của động từ vế sau vãn sẽ giữ nguyên ( VD: câu trên đang dùng quá khứ đơn thì chuyển sang " In spite of" vẫn dùng thì quá khứ đơn)

$\text{6. }$She asked Hoa how many workshops there were in her village.

- Hiện tại đơn => Quá khứ đơn

- your => her

- Cấu trúc câu trần thuật ( Wh-question): S+ asked+ O+ Wh-question+S+ V(lùi thì)

$\textit{# Themoonstarhk}$