`1.` She said she had left London months ago.

`-` Câu tường thuật: Lời nói: S+ said ( that)+ SVO

`-` Đổi ngôi: I `->` she

`-` Động từ lùi thì: left `->` had left 

`2`. He wishes he hadn't driven carelessly and hadn't had an accident.

`-` Câu ao ước ở QK: S+ wish (-es)+ S+ had ( not)+ Vpp

`3`. She hasn't seen her sister since `2005`.

`-` Cấu trúc: The last time+ S+ Vp1+...+ was+ in+ mốc TG

`≈` S+ have/ has+ not+ Vp2+...+ since+ mốc TG

`4`. We have to wake up early for work on Monday.

`-` have+ to V: phải làm gì

`5`. This essay was written by Sadra three days ago.

`-` Câu bị động ( thì QKĐ): S+ was/ were+ Vpp+ [ by O]+...

 `6`. If only I didn't tell John about my plan.

`-` Câu ao ước ở HT: If only+ S+ Vp1

`7`. Shaun is said to be brilliant.

`-` Câu bị động "kép": S+ is/ am/ are+ Vpp+ to V

`8`. How long is it since you last had a check-up?

`-` Cấu trúc: How long is it+ since+ S+ last+ Vp1+...?

`9`. The puppy, which he saw yesterday mesmerized him.

`-` Đại từ quan hệ: which

`+` Dùng để chỉ sự vật, sự việc

`+` Thay thế cho S/ O

`+` Sau nó là V/ S2

`10`. All household waste should be separated.

`-` Câu bị động ( modal verb): S+ modal verb+ be+ Vpp+ [ by O]+...

`1`.She said she had left London months before

`\rightarrow` Câu tường thuật : S + said + that + S + V ( lùi thì )

`\rightarrow` QKĐ `->` QKHT : S + had + V3 / PII

`2`.He wishes he hadn't driven carelessly and had an accident

`\rightarrow` Mong ước Quá khứ : S + wish + S + had + V3 / PII

`3`.She hasn't seen her sister since 2005

`\rightarrow` Thì HTHT ( PĐ ) : S + haven't / hasn't + V3 / PII

`\rightarrow` Since + Mốc thời gian

`4`.We have to wake up early for work on Monday

`\rightarrow` have to + V : Bắt buộc phải làm gì

`5`.This essay was written by Sandra three days ago

`\rightarrow` BĐ `-` QKĐ : S + was / were + V3 / PII ( by O )

`6`.If only I didn't tell John about my plan

`\rightarrow` Mong ước Hiện tại : If only + S + Ved / V2

`7`.Shaun is said to be brillant

`\rightarrow` BĐ Đặc biệt : S + is / am / are + V3 / PII + to do sth

`8`.How long is it since you last had a check-up ?

`\rightarrow` How long is it + since + S + last + Ved / V2 ? : Bao lâu

`9`.The puppy which he found yesterday mesmerised him

`\rightarrow` Which là ĐTQH dùng để thay thế DT chỉ vật làm chủ ngữ

`10`.All household waste should be separated ( by people )

`\rightarrow` BĐ `-` Should : S + should be + V3 / PII ( by O )

`\text{@ Tails347}`