2. England no longer had dreadful fogs.

There used to be dreadful fogs in england

3. It is years since we decorated the room.

We haven’t decorated the room for years

4. By the time we arrive the other guests will have already started dinner.

The other guests will start dinner before we arrive

5.5. I would like the school holidays to be longer. 

I wish the school holidays were longer. 

6. John is not old enough to join the club. 

John is too young to join the club.

7. He is to blame for his mistakes. This is very necessary. 

It is very necessary for him to blame for his mistakes

8. He must pass his intermediate level English examination. That was obligatory

It is obligatory that he must pass his intermediate level English examination

9. The mother came and lived with them to take care of their children. That was their- request. 

It is requested that the mother came and lived with their children to take care of them

10.Isabel: “You can’t borrow my pen, Robert”.

Isabel refused to lend Robert her pen

11.You lied to him, which was wrong.

You were wrong to lie to him