11. They boy said to us that he couldn't go out without his mother's permission.

*Câu tường thuật với câu trần thuật:

S + said to/ told + O + (that) + S + V (lùi thì)

- Lùi thì: can't -> couldn't

- Tính từ sở hữu: my -> his

12. Mary asked Tom if he had slept well the night before.

*Câu tường thuật với Yes/No-question:

S + asked/ wanted to know/ wondered/... + (O) + if/ whether + S + V (lùi thì)

- Lùi thì: Quá khứ đơn -> Quá khứ hoàn thành

- Đổi ngôi: you -> he

- Trạng từ: last night -> The night before.

14. The teacher asked why I hadn't done my homework and had learned by heart what she had said.

*Câu tường thuật với WH-question:

S + asked/ wanted to know/ wondered/... + (O) + WH-words + S + V (lùi thì)

- Lùi thì: Quá khứ đơn -> Quá khứ hoàn thành

- Tính từ sở hữu: your -> my

- Đổi ngôi: I -> she

15. My mother says that happiness is more important than money.

*Động từ tường thuật chia thì hiện tại đơn (S + Vs/es) chỉ đổi ngôi và không lùi thì trạng từ và động từ trong câu.

`-` Câu tường thuật :

`+` S + said to / told + O + that + S + V ( lùi thì `-` Gián tiếp )

`+` S + say ( s ) + that + S + V ( Trực tiếp )

`-` Câu tường thuật NV :

`+` Yes / No : S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V ( lùi thì )

`+` Wh-question : S + asked + O + wh + S + V ( lùi thì )

`-` Can `->` Could

`-` QKĐ `->` QKHT : S + had + V3 / PII

`-` Câu tường thuật mệnh lệnh : S + asked / told / ... + O + ( not ) to do sth

`11`.The boy said to us that he couldn't go out without his mother's permission

`12`.Mary asked Tom if `/` whether he had slept well the previous night

`13`.The teacher asked why I hadn't done my homework and had learned by heart what he had said

`14`.She says to me that I shall think carefully before answering her questions ( shall `=` should : nên )

`15`.My mother says that happiness is more important than money

`\text{# Kirigiri}`