. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. GIUP TỚ BÀI ĐỌC NÀY VS Ạ LESSONS FROM CURITIBA (123 )Urban planning deals with the physical, economic, and social development of cities. Today urban populations are increasing rapidly, and growing cities are putting enormous pressure on the environment. For this reason, the type of urban planning found in Curitiba, in Southern Brazil, is more important than ever. Curitiba is a fine example of how urban planning can work. This has not always beẹn the case, however. ( 124)At One time, Curitiba faced the same problems as many other cities all over the world, namely overcrowding, pollution, and an increased demand for services, transport, and housing. How, then, did Curitiba address these problems? (125 )By the 1940s the population of Curitiba had grown to about 150,000 as immigrants from countries such as Japan, Syria, and Lebanon came to work in agriculture and industry. These people needed both housing and transportation. Curitiba’s leaders realised that it was not sensible to deal with these problems separately. Consequently, they employed a French planner and architect, Alfred Agache, to find an overall solution. (126)Agache studied all aspects of the problem. He designed a scheme which gave priority to public services such as sanitation and public transport. At the same time, the schemc included centres which helped both community life and commerce to develop, and reduced traffic congestion. This was the fưst scheme to address several problems of growing cities at the same time. Unfortunately, some parts of his plan were not completed. The result, as described below, was that his scheme only served Curitiba for another 20 years. By the 1960s, the population of Curitiba had grown to about 430,000 inhabitants, so the city had to rethink its needs. In order to do this, the mayor put together a team of architects and town planners led by Jaime Lerner. This team produced the Curitiba Master Plan. This consisted of taking Agache’s original plan and adding wide, high-speed roads which crossed the smaller streets. Their proposals also included plans to minimise urban growth, reduce city-centre traffic, and preserve the city’s historic district. It is clear that the Curitiba Master Plan was one of the first attempts to integrate all aspects of city planning. (127)This integrated approach to urban design was maintained throughout the 1980s as Curitiba’s population grew to almost one million inhabitants. Environmental facilities were added, such as a recycling programme for household waste, and parks and ‘green’ spaces were protected from development. However, good transportation remained Central to the planning. Good transportation still remains a priority, together with the needs for jobs. A growing population needs employment, so business parks and centres have been added to encourage new small businesses. All these changes will continue as the population of Curitiba increases, but its city planners are continually searching for solutions to the problems. (Source: Headway Academic Skills – Reading, Writing, and Study Skills) 123. What aspect of development does urban planning NOT deal with A. Physical development B. technical development C. Economic development D. social development 124. How many problems are mentioned in the passage as commonly shared by many cities? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 125. What was the main cause of the increase in Curitiba’s population before the 1940s? A. Immigrants from rural areas B. Workers in business park C. Immigrants from neighbouring countries D. Immigrants from Japan, Syria, and Lebanon 126. In what ways was Agache’s approach different? A.His scheme gave priority to public services. B. His scheme included centres which helped both community life and commerce to develop. C. His scheme reduced traffic congestion. D. His scheme addressed several problems at the same time. 127. What did the Curitiba Master. Plan do? A. Added better road system B. reduced urban growth C. Prohibit city-centre traffic D. all of the above 128. What was new about the approach to the planning in the 1980s? A. It was an integrated approach. B. Environmental facilities were introduced. C. Good transportation was the key. D. It provided housing for one million inhabitants. 129. The new thing about the current approach to urban planning is ________ A. New small businesses B. Good transport C. The need for jobs D. The appearance of business parks 130. Which statement best describes the author’s opinion of the Curitiba experience of urban planning? A. It was a complete success. B. The challenges for urban planners in Curitiba were many. C. Other city planners could beneíit greatly from this experience. D. It was a once-and-done plan.