I. Định nghĩa: câu tường thuật là câu thuật lại lời nói của ai đó.

II. Công thức:

+ statement:

[ S + told + O + S + V....

[

[ S + said (that) + S + V...

+ question:

a. Yes / no question:

S + aked + (O) + if / whether + S +V

b. H / Wh question:

S + aked + (O) + h/wh + S +V

III. Cách đổi thì

HTĐ -> QKĐ

QKĐ -> QKĐ/QKHT

HTHT-> QKHT

HTTD-> QKTD

TLG -> TLG TRONG QK

#NOTICE: các trường hợp không thay đổi thì

+ lời nói trực tiếp diễn tả 1 chân lí, sự thật hiển nhiên, định luật khóa học hay vật lí.

+ sự việc vừa mới xảy ra hoặc vừa nói.

+ động từ tường thuật ở thì HTĐ, TLG, HTHT.

IV. Cách đổi từ

a. Modal verbs

will -> would

shall -> should

can -> could

may -> might

Must, have to / has to -> had to

b. Times and place words

Now ---> then

Here ---> there

This ---> that

These ---> those

Today/tonight ---> that day/that night

Next day ---> the next day/ the following day

Next month ---> the next month/ the following month

Ago ---> before

Last year/yesterday ---> the year before/ the day before/ the pevious year/ the previous day

Tomorrow ---> the following day/ the next day/ the day after

c. Person

I ---> he/she

We ---> they

You ---> i/he/she/they

He/she/it/they ---> giữ nguyên

Me ---> him/her

My ---> his/her

Our ---> their

Us ---> them

Example:

She said to me "i will go to the zoo tomorrow "

---> she said to me she would go to the zoo the next day.

"I'll phone you tomorrow " , he told Jack

---> he told Jack that he would phone him the next day.

"Is Phong Nha Cave far from Hanoi , Lan?" Peter asked.

---> Peter asked Lan if Phong Nha Cave was far from Hanoi.

He asked my mother " what will you buy?"

---> he asked my mother what she would buy.

Kate said " I called my doctor"

---> Kate said she called her doctor

1. She said she was doing homework then.

( câu tường thuật khẳng định lùi now --> then )

2. Tuan said he had to go then.

( câu tường thuật khẳng định lùi thì must --> had to )

3. Hoa said she would go out that night.

( câu tường thuật khẳng định will --> would, tonight --> that night )

4. Mai said her mother was a teacher

( câu tường thuật khẳng định is --> was )

5. Tung said he had done his homework the day before 

( câu tường thuật khẳng định did --> had done, yesterday --> the day before )

6. She asked me where I was from

( câu tường thuật Wh-question 

   S + asked + O + wh-question + S + V "lùi thì")

7. He asked Lan whether she liked pop music

( câu tường thuật câu hỏi ko có từ để hỏi " Yes/No " - question

   S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V "lùi thì" )

8. Tam asked Hoa if she would go to Hue the day after

( câu tường thuật câu hỏi ko có từ để hỏi " Yes/No " - question

   S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V "lùi thì" )

9. She asked me how I went to school

( câu tường thuật Wh-question

   S + asked + O + wh-question + S + V "lùi thì")

10. Tam asked Lan which class I was in

( câu tường thuật Wh-question

   S + asked + O + wh-question + S + V "lùi thì")