Giải thích các bước giải:

Bài 1:

\(\begin{array}{l}
1.4Na + {O_2} \to 2N{a_2}O\\
2.N{a_2}O + C{O_2} \to N{a_2}C{O_3}\\
3.N{a_2}O + {H_2}O \to 2NaOH\\
4.2NaOH + S{O_2} \to N{a_2}S{O_3} + {H_2}O\\
5.N{a_2}S{O_3} + {H_2}S{O_4} \to N{a_2}S{O_4} + S{O_2} + {H_2}O\\
6.S{O_2} + {H_2}O \to {H_2}S{O_3}\\
7.NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + {H_2}O\\
8.2NaCl + 2{H_2}O \to 2NaOH + {H_2} + C{l_2}\\
9.2NaOH + {H_2}S{O_4} \to N{a_2}S{O_4} + 2{H_2}O\\
10.N{a_2}S{O_4} + BaC{l_2} \to 2NaCl + B{\rm{aS}}{O_4}
\end{array}\)

Bài 2:

\(\begin{array}{l}
CaO + {H_2}O \to Ca{(OH)_2}\\
a)\\
{n_{CaO}} = 0,2mol\\
 \to {n_{Ca{{(OH)}_2}}} = {n_{CaO}} = 0,2mol\\
 \to C{M_{Ca{{(OH)}_2}}} = \dfrac{{0,2}}{{0,2}} = 1M\\
b)\\
Ca{(OH)_2} + 2HCl \to CaC{l_2} + 2{H_2}O\\
{n_{HCl}} = 2{n_{Ca{{(OH)}_2}}} = 0,4mol\\
 \to {m_{HCl}} = 14,6g\\
 \to C{\% _{HCl}} = \dfrac{{14,6}}{{150}} \times 100\%  = 9,73\% \\
c)\\
Ca{(OH)_2} + {H_2}S{O_4} \to CaS{O_4} + 2{H_2}O\\
 \to {n_{{H_2}S{O_4}}} = {n_{Ca{{(OH)}_2}}} = 0,2mol\\
 \to {m_{{H_2}S{O_4}}} = 19,6g\\
 \to {m_{{\rm{dd}}{H_2}S{O_4}}} = \dfrac{{19,6}}{{8\% }} \times 100\%  = 245g\\
 \to {V_{{\rm{dd}}{H_2}S{O_4}}} = \dfrac{{245}}{{1,14}} = 214,9ml = 0,215l
\end{array}\)

4Na + O₂ → 2Na₂O

Na₂O+CO₂→Na₂CO3

H₂O+Na₂O→2NaOH

2NaOH+H₂SO₃→2H₂O+Na₂SO3

H₂SO₄+Na₂SO₃→H₂O+Na₂SO₄+SO2

H₂O+SO₂↔H₂SO3

HCl+NaOH→H₂O+NaCl

2H₂O+2NaCl→Cl₂+H₂+2NaOH

2NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl

2)CaO+H₂O⟶Ca(OH)₂