`3.`How long have you had it ?

`4.`This is the first time I had such a delicious meal.

`5.`It has rained for 2 hours.

`6.`She has learnt English since 2010.

`7.`We have played soccer for 3 years.

`8.`He hasn't visited his school since last year.

* Giải thích : 

`a)` S + started/ began + Ving/to V + time

`=`S + have/has + Vpp + since/for + time

`b)` It/This is the first time + S + have/has + Vpp : Đó là lần đầu tiên ai làm gì...

`=`S + have/has never + Vpp + before : ai chưa từng làm gì trước đây

`=`S + have/has not + Vpp + before

`c)` When + did + S + V bare ?

`=`How long + have/has + S + Vpp ?

`=`How long is it since + S + V2/ed ?

`d)` S + last + V2/ed + time

`=`The last time + S + V2/ed + was + time

`=`It's + time + since + S (last) + V2/ed

`=`Phủ định của hiện tại hoàn thành : S + have/has not + Vpp + since/for + time

3. How long have you had it?

(When+ did+ S+V= How long+ has/ have+ S+PII)

4. This is the first time I have ever had such a delicious meal.

(S+ has/ have+ not/ never+ PII+ before= This is the first time+ S+ has/ have+ ever+ PII)

5. It has rained for 2 hours.

(S+ started/ began+ Ving/ to V+ khoảng thời gian+ ago

= S+ has/ have+ PII/ been Ving+ for+ khoảng thời gian)

6. She has learnt English since 2010.

(S+ started/ began+ Ving/ to V+ in+ năm trong quá khứ

= S+ has/ have+ PII/ been Ving+ since+ năm trong quá khứ)

7. We have played soccer for 3 years.

(S+ started/ began+ Ving/ to V+ khoảng thời gian+ ago

= S+ has/ have+ PII/ been Ving+ for+ khoảng thời gian)

8. He hasn't visited his school since last year.

(S+ has/ have+ not+ PII+ since+ mốc thời gian)