Câu VIII. Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi. (0,8 điểm) In 1723 there arrived in Philadelphia a penniless young man, eager for work and for knowledge. As the years passed, this man, Benjamin Franklin, contributed greatly to his city and to his country. He became a printer and a publisher and a learned man in many subjects. He also helped to speed learning by establishing a public library and by founding the American Philosophical Society, which is an important academy of great scholars to this day. Franklin initiated many improvements in the city of Philadelphia, making it one of the world’s first cities to have paved and lighted streets as well as a police force and a fire fighting company. He also made many practical inventions such as the Franklin stove, which was a very efficient heater and the light rod the protect buildings in electric storms. His scientific work with electricity earned Franklin world fame. Franklin played an important role in the early history of the United States. He took part in the drawing up of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. He was the first ambassador to France, and he helped negotiate the treaty of 1783, which ended the Revolutionary War. As an active member and as president of the Abolitionist Society, Franklin devoted the last years of his life to the movement to end slavery. 1. Was Franklin rich or poor when he arrived in Philadelphia? ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How did Franklin help to spread learning? ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What made Franklin famous all over the world? ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What practical inventions did he also make? _____________________________________________________________________________