Câu 1:

a,

$CH_2=CH-CH_2-CH_3$ (but-1-en)

$CH_3-CH=CH-CH_3$ (but-2-en)

$CH_2=C(CH_3)-CH_3$ (2-metylpropen) 

b,

$CH_3-CH(CH_3)-C\equiv C-CH(C_2H_5)-C(CH_3)_2-CH_3$ 

$CH_2=CH-CH(CH_3)-C(C_2H_5)=C(CH_3)-CH_3$ 

Câu 2:

a, $CH_3-CH_2-CH_3+ Cl_2 \buildrel{{as}}\over\to CH_3-CHCl-CH_3$

b, $CH_2=CH-CH_3+ H_2 \buildrel{{Ni, t^o}}\over\to CH_3-CH_2-CH_3$

c, $CH_3-C\equiv CH+ HCl \buildrel{{HgCl_2, t^o}}\over\to CH_3-CCl=CH_2$

d, $C_2H_2+ 2AgNO_3+ 2NH_3 \to Ag_2C_2+ 2NH_4NO_3$

Câu 3:

Dẫn các khí qua AgNO3/NH3 dư. Propin có kết tủa vàng.

$CH_3-C\equiv CH+ AgNO_3+ NH_3 \to CH_3-C\equiv CAg+ NH_4NO_3$

Dẫn 2 khí còn lại qua nước brom dư. Etilen làm brom nhạt màu. Còn lại là metan.

$C_2H_4+ Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2$

Câu 4:

$Al_34C_3+ 12HCl \to 4AlCl_3+ 3CH_4$

$2CH_4 \buildrel{{1500^oC}}\over\to C_2H_2+ 3H_2$

$2C_2H_2 \buildrel{{t^o, CuCl_2}}\over\to CH\equiv C-CH=CH_2$

$CH\equiv C-CH=CH_2+ H_2 \buildrel{{Pd/PbCO_3, t^o}}\over\to CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2$

$n CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2 \buildrel{{t^o, xt, p}}\over\to (CH_2-CH=CH-CH_2)_n$