$1. $ My bicycle isn't as nice as your bicycle

$→$ So sánh bằng : S + V + (not) + so/as + adj/adv + N/Pronoun

$2. $ Nga has learned English for 3 years

$→$ S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + time ago

$=$ S + have/has + P2 / been Ving + for / since ...

$3. $ I enjoy watching cartoon programs

$→$ S + like(s) + Ving : Thích làm gì

$=$ S + enjoy(s) + Ving : Thích làm gì

$4. $ The color of my shirt is the same as the color of her shirt

$→$ S + V + the same + N + as + O

$5. $ He asked Lan to give him that dictionary

$→$ Câu tường thuật dạng mệnh lệnh

$→$ S + told/asked + O + to V : Ai bảo ai làm gì

$#HT:)))$

=>

1. My bicycle isn't as nice as your bicycle.

-> so sánh bằng as adj as

2. Nga has learned English for 3 years.

-> chuyển QKĐ sang HTHT, S have/has V3/ed, for + khoảng thời gian

3. I enjoy watching cartoon programs.

-> enjoy Ving ~ like Ving

4. The color of my shirt is the same as the color of her shirt.

-> the same as : giống, giống như

5. He asked Lan to give him that dictionary.

-> ask sb to V : yêu cầu ai làm gì