1. A magnitude 7.1 earthquake shook Southern California on Friday.
   => Southern California was shaken by a magnitude 7.1 earthquake on Friday.
2. They will provide temporary housing to earthquake victims as soon as possible.
   => Temporary housing will be provided to earthquake victims as soon as possible.
3. Rescue teams have saved hundreds of people from floods in Metro Manila.
   => Hundreds of people have been saved from floods in Metro Manila by rescue teams.
4. An average of 20 typhoons hit the country every year.
   => The country is hit by an average of 20 typhoons every year.
5. A massive landslide buried dozens of homes near a Central Philippine mountain.
   => Dozens of homes were buried by a massive landslide near a Central Philippine mountain.
6. They are repairing roads and bridges damaged by the hurricane.
   => Roads and bridges damaged are being repaired by the hurricane.
7. Across the northwest Florida coast, people were clearing storm debris.

=> Storm debris across the northwest Florida coast was being cleaned.

8. Authorities have lifted a tsunami warning after a strong earthquake.
=> A tsunami warning has been lifted after a strong earthquake by authorities.

9. Submarine volcanic eruptions can cause tsunamis.

=> Tsunamis can be caused by submarine volcanic eruptions.
10. Will the government send troops to flooded regions?
=> Will troops be sent to flooded regions by the government?

Ex 3. Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Officials said the blaze had damaged (damage) five houses in the area.
2. Before Hurricane Sandy struck the US Northeast, it had killed (kill) 72 people in the Caribbean.
3. US Weather Service hadn’t isued (not issue) any warning by the time the tornado moved to a City nearby.
4. As of Monday night, more 10,149 people had left (leave) their homes across the province.
5. We hadn’t experienced (not experience) any natural disasters before we were trapped in an avalanche last month.
6. What had the government done (the government/ do) by the time the mudslide occurred?
7. El Nino weather had hit (hit) Mekong Delta as the worst drought in 90 years, report said.
8. Many local people said that they had never seen (never/ see) such a fierce storm in their life.
9. Those evacuees hadn’t returned (not return) home by late December.
10. Had people evacuated (people/ evacuate) the area when the hurricane hit?

Ex 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or past perfect.
1. By the time the firefighters arrived (arrive), the fire had already destroyed (already destroy) over 50 hectares of pine forests.
2. Two people reported (report) that flames had trapped (trap) them inside a smoke-filled apartment.
3. It had rained (rain) all morning before the tornado touched (touch) down.
4. They didn’t know (not know) where to shelter from the storm because nobody had told (tell) them.
5. Had you already left (you/ already leave) the office when the fire started (start)?
6. The post didn’t arive (not arrive) when I had left (leave) home this morning.
7. It had been (be) cloudy for days before it started(start) to rain heavily
and flooded (flood) the whole City.
8. When I had got (get) to the check-in desk, I realized I left (leave) my ticket at home.

9. After Tom and his neighbours putted out (put out) the fire, the fire engines had arrived (arrive) at the cottage.
10. She recognized (recognize) the warning signs that she had learnt (learn) in a school lesson on tsunami two days before.
11. By the time the rescuers had arrived (arrive), they ran (run) out of food and water.
12. The rescue team found (find) the child after they had searched  (search) for ten hours.

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