1-unless = if not

2-s+began / started +to vo/ vọng

=s+have /has +p2 +for / since....

3-s+last time +time ago

=s+have/has +not +for+ time

4-this is the first time +MĐ htht

= s+ have / has +never +p2+before

5-although /though /even though + clause

=despite /in spite of +n/ving

=despite / in spite of the fact that + v

11. Harly + had +S + Vpp when S + Vpast: ngay sau khi... thì…

No sooner + had +S + Vpp than S + Vpast

VD: As soon as I left the house, he appeared

= Harly had I left the house when he appeared

= No sooner had I left the house than he appeared

12. Not………..any more: không còn nữa

No longer + dạng đảo ngữ S no more V

VD: I don’t live in the courtryside anymore

= No longer do I live in the coutryside

= I no more live in the coutryside

13. At no time + dạng đảo ngữ: không khi nào, chẳng khi nào

VD: I don’t think she loves me

= At no time do I think she loves me

14. Tobe not worth = there is no point in doing sth: không đáng làm gì

15. Tobe not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: không đáng, vô ích làm gì

VD: It’s not worth making him get up early

= There is no point in making him getting early

16. It seems that = it appears that = it is likely that =it look as if/ as though: dường như rằng VD: It seems that he will come late

= It appears that/ it is likely he will come late

= He is likely to come late.

= It look as if he will come late

17. Although + clause = Despite + Nound/ gerund

18. S + V + N = S + be + adj

19. S + be + adj = S + V + O

20. S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving/ N

21. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving/ N

VD: Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties.

= Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties

22. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/ N

VD: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.

= I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.

23. S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn)

24. S + like sth/ doing sth better than sth/ doing sth = S + would rather + V + than + V = S + prefer sth/ doing sth to sth/ doing sth...

VD: I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball.

= I would rather go shoping than play volleyball.

26. S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V

27. It’s one’s duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth

28. S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth

29. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + be + PII

30. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + do sth

31. S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth

VD: I like do collecting stamps.

= I'm fond of collecting stamps.

32. I + let + O + do sth = S + allow + S. O + to do Sth

VD: My boss let him be on leave for wedding.

= My boss allow him to be on leave for wedding.

33. S + once + past verb = S + would to + do sth.

34. S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + do sth.

35. S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive

VD: She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination.

= She studies hard to pass the final examination.

36. S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive

38. To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V

39. S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both... and

40. S + V + not only... + but also = S + V + both... and

41. S + V + both... and... = S + V + not only... but also...

VD: He translated fast and correctly.

= He translated not only fast but also correctly.

44. S1+simple present+and+S2+simple futher =If+S1 + simple present + S2 + simple futher.

45. S1+didn’t + V1 + Because + S2 + didn’t + V2 = If Clause

46. Various facts given = Mệnh đề if thể hiện điều trái ngược thực tế.

47. S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2(phủ định)= S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khẳng định)

48. S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj clause.

49. S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj clause.

50. S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj clause.

51. S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj clause.

52. S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj clause.

56. S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khẳng dinh)

57. S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth

58. Let’s + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

59. In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive (quan điểm của tôi)

60. S + advise = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

61. Why don’t you do sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

62. S + get + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: She gets him to spend more time with her.

= She have him spend more time with her.

63. S + aks + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room.

= Police have him identify the other man in the next room.

64. S + request + sb + to do sth= S + have + sb + do sth

VD: The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem.

= The teacher have students learn by heart this poem.

65. S + want + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: I want her to lend me

= I have her lend me.

66. S + V + no + N = S + be + N-less

VD: She always speaks no care.